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A LARGE AND IMPORTANT BRONZE FIGURE OF AVALOKITESHVARA, ANGKOR PERIOD, BAYON STYLE
奥地利
04月10日 下午5点 开拍
拍品描述 翻译
Scientific analysis report: A laboratory test report issued by Hebolabo, Pelt, Belgium, on 31 October 2024, based on verification analysis by EDXRF (energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry), concludes that the statue ''is made of leaded brass, originated in middle medieval Cambodia'' ('Medieval Cambodia' is synonymous with the Khmer Empire around the Angkor period). A copy of the report accompanies this lot.Khmer, 12th-13th century. Superbly cast and powerfully modeled with his eight arms radiating and holding in his right hands a seated divinity, a book, an elephant goad and a vajra, his left hands holding a sword, a flask of nectar, a rosary and a wheel. Dressed in a short sampot tied with a fanning fishtail and secured by an ornate belt with pendent tassels, the deity's torso and arms are incised with minuscule representations of seated Buddhas, with miniature figures set on his toes and knees and further seated Buddhas in relief forming a necklace and bracelets around his arms and ankles.His serene face with finely delineated features such as downcast eyes and full lips forming a benevolent smile. The neatly worked hair incised with minuscule representations of seated Buddhas and pulled up into a tall chignon circled by miniature figures and centered by a diminutive image of the Buddha Amitabha.Provenance: From the private collection of Darwin Freeman, collected between 1968 and 1971, and thence by descent within the same family. Born 1946 in Idaho, USA, Darwin Freeman was a member of the armed forces and later became an avid collector. He met his wife in the mid-1960s, and the pair later relocated to her hometown of Innsbruck, Austria. In 1967, Freeman was drafted into the U.S. Army and served in Germany and Thailand. While he was stationed at the Embassy in Bangkok, between 1969 and 1971, he actively began engaging in the exploration and collection of ancient bronzes and other works of art. Upon completing his duty, Freeman arranged for his collection to be shipped to Austria, where it remained in storage until this day.Condition: Very good condition, commensurate with age. Extensive wear, signs of weathering, casting irregularities, small losses mostly to the extremities. The bronze with a rich, naturally grown patina with vibrant malachite and cuprite encrustations.Weight: 6,714 g (excl. stand)Dimensions: Height 60 cm (excl. stand), 69 (incl. stand)With an associated stand. (2)The sacking of Angkor in 1177 resulted in innovative iconographical developments under Jayavarman VII towards a more potent theology incorporating Tantric and Esoteric Buddhist elements and cosmic symbolism devised to protect the empire. This form of a "Radiating Avalokiteshvara" represents one of the most complex iconographic forms. The karandavyuhasutra states that 'Avalokiteshvara, Lord of Infinite Compassion, bears the whole universe in his body. Every pore of his skin constitutes a world of its own filled with every kind of living being. His radiant spiritual power, symbolized by Amitabha, quickens in all these beings the Buddha nature that dwells within them.' The eight arms refer to the eight major directions, symbolizing cosmic totality. Also characteristic is the presence of an expressive smile, symbolic of Avalokiteshvara's compassion.King Jayavarman VII (r. 1181-1218) constructed his own 'temple-mountain' at Bayon and developed the city of Angkor Thom around it. He also built Neak Pean ('coiled serpent'), one of the smallest but most beautiful temples in the Angkor complex, a fountain with four surrounding ponds set on an island in an artificial lake. The stele inscription of Preah Khan states that the King erected Buddha stone images, the Jayabuddhamahanatha, in twenty-three towns in different parts of his empire. Among those towns were Lavodayapura (modern Lopburi), Svarnapura, Sambukapattana, Srijayarajapuri (modern Ratchaburi), Srijayasimhapuri (modern Kanchanaburi), and Srijayavajrapuri (modern Phetburi). The present figure is a contemporary bronze variant of one of these twenty-three stone images King Jayavarman VII sent to different parts of the kingdom in 1191 in a celebration of the compassion the king attributed to his own father. The small figures of the Buddha can be understood as representing the qualities of Buddhahood that lie in every pore of Avalokiteshvara's skin.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related bronze figure of the eight-armed Avalokiteshvara, dated 12th-13th century, in the Walters Art Museum, accession number 54.2726. Compare a closely related bronze figure of the eight-armed Avalokiteshvara, dated ca. 1190-1210, in the Musee Guimet, object number MA 5940.Auction result comparison:Type: Closely relatedAuction: Christie's New York, 17 September 1998, lot 179Price: USD 134,500 or approx. EUR 253,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A large and important bronze figure of Avalokiteshvara, Khmer, Angkor period, Bayon style, late 12th centuryExpert remark: Compare the closely related subject, modeling, ornamentations, and manner of casting, as well as the similar patina and size (59.2 cm).

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