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A LARGE (83 CM) GILT-COPPER REPOUSSÉ PANEL DEPICTING VAISHRAVANA AND HIS RETINUE OF SIX
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04月16日 下午5点 开拍 /19天11小时
拍品描述 翻译
A LARGE (83 CM) GILT-COPPER REPOUSSé PANEL DEPICTING VAISHRAVANA AND HIS RETINUE OF SIX HORSEMEN AND FOUR GUARDIAN KINGS, TIBET, 16TH-17TH CENTURYMeticulously worked, the central deity seated on a caparisoned lion, raised on a lotus base, his right hand holding a banner, his left hand a mongoose, wearing a sturdy armor, the face with a fierce expression, bulging eyes, surmounted by a tiara and adorned with jewels inlaid in turquoise and coral. He is flanked on the sides by six armor clad horsemen and the Four Guardian Kings to the bottom.All sheltered by a large, overhanging kirtimukha with a wrathful expression, large protruding horns, bulging eyes below flaming eyebrows, a menacing grin revealing teeth and flaming tongue within, and muscular bangled arms ripping apart a sinuous serpent.The reverse of the kīrtimukha mask is sealed with a copper plate, concealing a small chamber that houses sacred scrolls and associated ritual materials.Provenance: An old private estate in the Midwestern United States. Jackson's International Auctioneers and Appraisers, Cedar Falls, 4 June 2014, lot 605. A private collection in the United States, acquired from the above, and thence by descent in the family.Condition: Good condition with expected wear and manufacturing irregularities, small losses, warping and minor dings, scattered surface scratches, small tears, little rubbing to gilt, and significant remnants of ancient pigments. Mounted on the back for wall suspension. The copper with a naturally grown patina with areas of malachite and cuprite encrustations.Weight: 4.8 kg Dimensions: Size 83 x 62 cmThe Six Horsemen identified clockwise from top-right: Bijakundalin, with the back turned, holding a sword; Atavaka holding a lance; Kubera, wearing a helmet hat, holding a sword; Samjneya holding a curved sword; Panchika holding a palace; and Manibhadra holding a jewel.The Four Guardian Kings at the bottom, from left to right: Dhritarashtra (East) holding a lute; Virudhaka (South) with a sword; Virupaksha (West) with a stupa; and Vaishravana (North) with a parasol.In Mahayana Buddhism, Vaishravana is a worldly protector and benefactor. He is the leader of the yaksha race and chief of the Four Directional Guardians, who swore an oath of protection at the feet of Buddha Shakyamuni. His iconography, with corpulent form and a jewel-spewing mongoose, is descended from the Indian wealth deity, Kubera.In Tibetan Buddhism, there are numerous forms of Vaishravana, but the present work's depiction of him triumphantly riding a lion surrounded by his retinue figures on horseback is one of the most iconic. The meditation practice of Vaishravana riding a lion was popularized by Atisha, the 11th century Indian guru who reintroduced Buddhism to Tibet.See a closely related earlier Tibetan black stone stele of Vaishravana, dated to the 14th century, 30.5 cm high, at Christie's New York, 16 September 2014, lot 273 (sold for USD 102,500 or approx. EUR 119,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing).The Kirtimukha, or Face of Glory, is among the most enduring and potent protective motifs in the art of the Himalayas. Adopted into Buddhist imagery and embraced with particular authority in Tibet, its leonine mask surmounts temple doorways, thangkas, and sculptural ensembles as a vigilant guardian, devouring obstacles and proclaiming the supremacy of awakened wisdom. In Tibetan art it frequently crowns wrathful deities and architectural thresholds, asserting both protection and spiritual power. In Nepal, especially in the sophisticated metalwork and paubha painting traditions of the Kathmandu Valley, the Kirtimukha appears with streaming garlands or jewels issuing from its jaws, symbols of abundance and auspicious force. At once fearsome and beneficent, the image encapsulates the Himalayan synthesis of protection and transcendence, serving as a commanding emblem of sacred authority. For comparison, see the gilt repoussé tympanum at the entrance of the Patan Museum, Nepal.Auction result comparison: Type: Related Auction: Christie's New York, 21 September 2007, lot 157 Price: USD 169,000 or approx. EUR 224,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing : A large gilt copper repousse figure of Garuda, Tibet, circa 16th century Expert remark: Compare the related modeling, gilding, and decoration. Note the size (62 cm).

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