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A GILT BRONZE FIGURE OF AVALOKITESHVARA, EARLY GORYEO DYNASTY, KOREA, CIRCA 10TH-12TH CENTURY
奥地利
04月16日 下午5点 开拍 /19天1小时
拍品描述 翻译
A GILT BRONZE FIGURE OF AVALOKITESHVARA, EARLY GORYEO DYNASTY, KOREA, CIRCA 10TH-12TH CENTURYExpert's note: The present figure is hollow-cast and its metallurgic composition indicates a bronze with a relatively high tin content beneath a thin copper layer and gilt surface. In early Korean Buddhist sculpture of the Three Kingdoms and Unified Silla periods, smaller gilt-bronze images were often solid-cast, while hollow casting was mostly used for larger works. By the Goryeo dynasty, hollow casting became more consistently employed, particularly as production increased in scale and complexity.High-tin copper alloys are characteristic of Korean Buddhist bronzes from the Three Kingdoms through the Goryeo period, while later Joseon examples more commonly incorporate higher zinc content consistent with brass alloys. Taken together, the hollow construction, alloy composition, and surface treatment of the present lot suggest an attribution to the early Goryeo dynasty. This dating is further supported by the style, which closely recalls late Three Kingdoms and Unified Silla precedents—strongly influenced by contemporaneous Tang sculpture—and differs from later Goryeo bronzes shaped in part by Ming models.Finely cast standing atop a downturned lotus petal with incised upper band, dressed in a long dhoti tied around the waist, holding a sash with beaded rims in both arms, a jewel in his right hand, the chest adorned in prominent beaded jewelry, while the face displays broad cheekbones below downcast eyes centered by an urna, his full lips forming a subtle smile. The hair arranged in a high chignon behind an elaborate crown suspending further beaded tassels. Provenance: From a private collection of an Asian art, assembled at the beginning of the 20th century, and thence by descent through several generations in the family. Condition: Very good condition with expected old wear, casting irregularities, rubbing and minor losses to gilt, few small dents, minuscule nicks, and areas of minor surface corrosion.Weight: 461 g Dimensions: Height 14.3 cmThe present figure accords closely with the stylistic vocabulary of bodhisattva figures produced during the late Three Kingdoms and Unified Silla periods. The solid, well-balanced proportions, restrained surface treatment, and the base carved with downturned lotus petals beneath an incised band are characteristic features of eighth-century Unified Silla Buddhist sculpture. At the same time, the pronounced cheekbones introduce a feature more frequently associated with Goryeo-period Buddhist imagery, suggesting a transitional sensibility between these traditions.Literature comparison:Compare a related earlier gilt copper-alloy figure of Avalokiteshvara, 12.7 cm high, dated to the Unified Silla period, in the National Museum of Korea, accession number Bongwan4246. Compare a related earlier gilt bronze figure of a crowned bodhisattva, dated to the Three Kingdoms period, Baekje, first half of the 7th century, in the Harvard Art Museums, object number 1943.53.75.Auction result comparison:Type: RelatedAuction: Christie's New York, 23 March 2004, lot 348Price: USD 35,850 or approx. EUR 52,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: Gilt-bronze Avalokitesvara, Koryo dynasty (12th-13th century)Expert remark: Compare the related modeling, manner of casting, and gilding with similar treatment of the jewelry and hollow casting. Note the size (11.4 cm) and different pose.

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