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A PAIR OF IMPERIAL PARCEL-GILT BRONZE 'AMITAYUS' ALTAR VASES WITH TIBETAN AND MANCHU SCRIPT,
奥地利
04月16日 下午5点 开拍 /19天12小时
拍品描述 翻译
A PAIR OF IMPERIAL PARCEL-GILT BRONZE 'AMITAYUS' ALTAR VASES WITH TIBETAN AND MANCHU SCRIPT, QIANLONG YUZHI MARKS AND OF THE PERIODChina, 1736-1795. Each of square section, the baluster body rising from a tiered foot to broad shoulders set with two gilt elephant masks suspending loose rings, the wider sides fitted with lobed panels enclosing Amitayus appearing from the bud of a lotus flower, holding a precious vessel in his hands, and backed by a mandorla of flames. The panels are set against a ground incised with an assortment of auspicious symbols, comprising ruyi-shaped clouds, bats, the Triratna (triple gem), and ruyi scepters, all framed by a band of raised clouds encircling the shoulders and a band of applied ruyi above the foot.The recessed bases each cast and gilt with a large six-character seal mark da Qing Qianlong yuzhi, flanked by two lines of incised Tibetan inscription. The neck each with two Manchu two-character marks, 'Made by Imperial Order' (the same meaning as yuzhi in Chinese). (2)Provenance: The private collection of Jules Speelman, London. Bonhams Hong Kong, 30 November 2022, lot 1055, mid-estimate HKD 800,000 or approx. EUR 93,500 (converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing). Jules Speelman is a world-leading dealer and collector of East Asian art with 60 years of experience. In 1964 he joined his late father, Alfred, in the family business which already stretched back three generations to 19th century Holland and expanded into England around the turn of the century. Originally, A & J Speelman dealt with antiques, from European ceramics, silver, tapestries, and furniture to Chinese porcelain, and works of art. With his father, Jules gradually shifted the focus towards Asia and under Jules Speelman's skilled direction, A & J Speelman is now considered amongst the foremost dealers in Asian antiques, with a particular emphasis on figurative sculpture and works of art from the past 2000 years. Published: Himalayan Art Resources, item number 4708.Condition: Very good condition with minor wear, few nicks, light scratches, casting irregularities, one panel slightly detached to the interior.Weight: 3.9 kg and 4 kg Dimensions: Height 32.3 cm and 32 cmEach vase bears the mark da Qing Qianlong yuzhi ('Made by Imperial Order in the Qianlong reign of the Great Qing dynasty'). Such marks are rare even on imperial jades and glass and are particularly exceptional when found on bronze vessels. For yuzhi-marked examples, a Tibetan conch shell at Christie's New York, 21 March 2012, lot 815 (fig. 1) and an imperial ruby-red glass bowl and cover with a Qianlong yuzhi mark, see Christie's Hong Kong, 30 November 2011, lot 3163 (fig. 2). Based on the imperial mark and the iconography of Amitayus, the vases were likely commissioned in the Imperial Workshops as presentation pieces for a birthday celebration. The Qianlong Emperor is known to have ordered numerous images of Amitayus in honor of his mother's birthdays in 1752, 1762, and 1772 (see an example illustrated in Ulrich von Schroeder, Indo-Tibetan Bronzes, 1981, p. 552, no. 158B).The presence of Tibetan and Manchu inscriptions further indicates that they were intended for use in a Qing lamasery, either in Yonghegong or at one of the temples within the imperial mountain retreat at Rehol. The Qianlong Emperor, modeling himself on his erudite grandfather, the Kangxi Emperor, actively gifted large groups of objects in foreign and domestic affairs as indication of the Empire's prosperity. By the same token, objects inscribed in multiple languages of Manchu, Chinese, Tibetan, and Mongolian, either to commemorate a military achievement or to express filial piety, were also employed by the Emperor to assert his legitimacy as both a devout Buddhist practitioner as well as a universal ruler. Examples of Imperial objects with multilingual inscriptions include a lapis lazuli alms bowl in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, reference number 故雜001298N000000000 (fig. 3); two multilingual steles dated to 1792 in the Yonghe lamasery (Yonghegong); and a group of bronze Buddhas commissioned by the Imperial Court during the Qianlong reign, two of which were sold in these rooms, 11 April 2024, lots 57 (fig. 4) and 58.The present vases display a multitude of auspicious symbols, including the triple gem (triratna); ruyi-shaped clouds, ruyi scepters, and bats (fu) as signs of good fortune; and ring handles in the shape of elephant heads representing the homonym for peace (xiang). The latter motif, when combined with the word for vase (ping), forms the rebus, taiping youxiang, meaning, 'peace is manifest'.Expert's note on metallurgy:XRF readings taken on the two vases identified a highly consistent Cu-Zn alloy with minor Sn and Pb, measuring approximately Zn 19-21%, Sn 1.2-1.4%, and Pb 2.0% in both examples. Published analyses of historical Chinese brass commonly report Cu-Zn alloys with small additions of Sn and variable Pb, placing the present compositions well within the documented range for historically produced brass. The close similarity between the two readings supports a comparable alloy composition across the pair. Small amounts of Fe and Si are present and are most plausibly related to surface contamination or corrosion products. Overall, the results are consistent with historically produced brass objects of the type encountered in Qing dynasty metalwork.Auction result comparison:Type: RelatedAuction: Sotheby's Hong Kong, 22 April 2021, lot 3605Estimate: HKD 18,000,000 or approx. EUR 2,098,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: An important and very rare pair of imperial bronze 'dragon and phoenix' vases, mark and period of QianlongExpert remark: Compare the related form, manner of casting, and reign marks. Note the size (42.7 cm).Auction result comparison:Type: RelatedAuction: Christie's London, 15 May 2012, lot 188Price: GBP 657,250 or approx. EUR 1,114,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: An important and very rare pair of large imperial bronze altar vases, Qianlong cast six-character marks within a rectangular panel and of the periodExpert remark: Compare the related form, manner of casting, and reign marks. Note the larger size (76.5 cm).13% VAT will be added to the hammer price additional to the buyer's premium - only for buyers within the EU.

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