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A BRONZE FIGURE OF THE SEATED BUDDHA, SUMATRA, SRIVIJAYA PERIOD, 8TH-9TH CENTURY
奥地利
04月17日 下午5点 开拍 /20天6小时
拍品描述 翻译
A BRONZE FIGURE OF THE SEATED BUDDHA, SUMATRA, SRIVIJAYA PERIOD, 8TH-9TH CENTURYIndonesia. Superbly cast, seated in padmasana on a crisply cast double-lotus base, the hands lowered in dhyana mudra. The Buddha is dressed in a neatly incised robe which covers the left shoulder, crosses the chest diagonally, and leaves the right shoulder and right arm bare, falling all the way down to the ankles. The face with a serene expression, heavy-lidded downcast eyes below gently arched brows, and gently pursed lips forming a calm smile, flanked by ears with pendulous lobes, the hair arranged in large snail-shell curls over the domed ushnisha.Provenance: Found in the Musi River delta, South Sumatra, Indonesia, circa early 1980s. An important and distinguished private collector in London, United Kingdom, acquired around 1985 in Singapore, and kept in the collection for over 40 years.Condition: Very good condition with expected wear, casting irregularities, small dents, cracks and losses, corrosion to interior, the halo lost. The bronze with a rich, naturally grown patina with vibrant malachite encrustations.Weight: 2.5 kg (excl. stand), 5 kg (incl. stand) Dimensions: Height 16.6 cm (excl. stand), 19.1 (incl. stand)With an associated modern stand. (2)Buddhist bronzes produced in maritime Southeast Asia during the 8th-9th centuries reflect a refined synthesis of regional and transregional artistic traditions shaped by the extensive trade and pilgrimage networks of the period. The present figure, discovered in Sumatra and associated with the Srivijaya cultural sphere, demonstrates the cosmopolitan artistic language that developed within this important Buddhist center.The gracefully flowing contours of the body, subtly defined beneath a diaphanous garment, recall sculptural idioms established during the Gupta period in northern India and widely disseminated across the Buddhist world. The robe is arranged to leave the right shoulder bare, while the broad shoulders, large hands, and layered crossed legs correspond to canonical representations of the Buddha in meditation. These features find close parallels in Sri Lankan bronzes of the late Anuradhapura period (7th-9th centuries), whose softly modeled bodies and serene oval faces with full cheeks provided influential prototypes for portable bronzes circulating along Indian Ocean trade routes. Compare a bronze figure of the Samadhi Buddha discovered in Girikandaka Vihara, Tiriyaya, Sri Lanka, see Ulrich Schroeder, The Golden Age of Sculpture in Sri Lanka: Masterpieces of Buddhist and Hindu Bronzes from Museums in Sri Lanka, 1992, Hong Kong, p. 38-41, no. 7. See also a related smaller Sri Lankan bronze figure of Buddha dated ca. late 7th century, 6.4 cm high, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, object number 1987.142.64.The treatment of the base, however, finds closer analogies in mainland Southeast Asian sculpture, particularly Vietnamese examples of the same period. Comparable forms appear in a lead-tin alloy Buddha in the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, object number 1989.45; and a larger sandstone figure of Buddha, Southern Vietnam, 8th-9th century, 46.5 cm high, found in Phnom Cangek, and now in the National Museum of Vietnamese History, Ho Chin Minh city, reference number BTLS 5519, illustrated in John Guy, Lost Kingdoms, Hindu-Buddhist sculpture of early Southeast Asia, 2014, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, p. 99, cat. 47.Despite these wide-ranging connections, the facial features and overall modeling suggest a local interpretation consistent with early Srivijayan Buddhist imagery from Sumatra and the broader Malay world. During this period, Srivijaya functioned as a major center of Buddhist learning and pilgrimage, attracting monks and merchants from across the Indian Ocean and South China Sea. Sculptures such as the present bronze were likely produced by regional craftsmen who adapted imported artistic models—possibly including Sri Lankan bronzes transmitted along maritime routes sometimes described as “missionary bronzes”—to local aesthetic preferences.The resulting work exemplifies the artistic hybridity characteristic of the Srivijayan sphere, where international Buddhist visual traditions were absorbed and reinterpreted within a thriving maritime cultural network.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related bronze figure of the seated Buddha, Java or Sumatra, dated 9th century, 17 cm high, with John Eskenazi. Compare a related Javanese bronze figure of Buddha Vairocana, dated to the Central Javanese period, c. late 9th century, 19.4 cm high, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, object number 1987.142.23, and included in the exhibition The Lotus Transcendent: Indian and Southeast Asian Art from the Samuel Eilenberg Collection, 2 October 1991-28 June 1992, cat. no. 139.Auction result comparison:Type: Related Auction: Zacke, Vienna, 16 October 2025, lot 242 Price: EUR 19,500 or approx. EUR 20,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing : A bronze figure of Buddha, Central Javanese period, 9th-10th century Expert remark: Compare the related subject, modeling, and manner of casting. Note the size (26 cm).13% VAT will be added to the hammer price additional to the buyer's premium - only for buyers within the EU.

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