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A VERY LARGE (165x124 CM) THANGKA OF SIMHAMUKHA (SIMHAVAKTRA), HIMALAYAN REGION, 19TH CENTURY
奥地利
04月17日 下午5点 开拍 /19天
拍品描述 翻译
Distemper and gold on cloth. The fierce dakini Simhamukha is depicted with a dark blue body, balancing on one foot while trampling a corpse, the right leg raised. She brandishes a curved knife in her raised right hand and holds a skullcup in the left, a khatvanga staff resting against her shoulder. Her white lion face with three round, bloodshot eyes glares fiercely above a gaping mouth, the eyebrows and flaming hair streaming upward. She stands within a verdant landscape with scrolling clouds, the composition further populated by seated bodhisattvas in the four corners, each residing within temple structures and attended by disciples.In the lower left appears the offering of the five senses (dod-yon sna-lnga), a wrathful offering symbolizing the purification and transformation of ordinary sensory perception. It is represented by a skullcup containing stylized forms of the heart, tongue, nose, eyes, and ears, corresponding respectively to the senses of touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing.Provenance: Acquired by the father of the present owner in Tibet around 1970 and thence by descent. Condition: Very good condition with expected wear, little creasing and folds, the back reinforced, scattered soiling, and minor flaking to pigments.Dimensions: Size 165 x 134 cmThe lion-faced female wrathful deity Simhamukha (Simhavaktra) originated in northern India and became popular with the oldest Tibetan Buddhist religious tradition, known as the Nyingma. She is a Buddhist goddess whose name means “lion-faced,” dramatically embodies the ideal of enlightenment. Every terrifying attribute symbolizes the transformation of negative forces—such as delusion, hatred, and attachment to worldly desires—into the insight that leads to spiritual liberation. Her flame-like hair evokes the fire of wisdom, while the corpse on which she dances symbolizes the impermanence of material existence. She wears the flayed skins of a tiger and a human opponent to Buddhist teachings, which allude to her defeat of anger, delusion, and desire. Her curved knife strips away the ignorance that clouds the unenlightened mind, and the blood that fills her skull cup becomes the nectar of supreme bliss.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related, smaller thangka depicting Simhamukha, Mongolia, 19th century, in the Rubin Museum of Art, accession number F1996.6.1, and illustrated by Jeff Watt on Himalayan Art Resources, item no. 419.Auction result comparison: Type: RelatedAuction: Christie's Paris, 12 December 2018, lot 11Price: EUR 10,000 or approx. EUR 11,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A framed thangka depicting Simhavaktra, Tibet, 18th centuryExpert remark: Compare the closely related subject and note the smaller size (39 x 31 cm). 13% VAT will be added to the hammer price additional to the buyer's premium - only for buyers within the EU.

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