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A GREEN AND RUSSET JADE 'TIGER' PENDANT, LATE SHANG-EARLY WESTERN ZHOU DYNASTY
奥地利
04月17日 下午5点 开拍 /20天10小时
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A GREEN AND RUSSET JADE 'TIGER' PENDANT, LATE SHANG-EARLY WESTERN ZHOU DYNASTYChina, c. 12th-10th century BC. Finely carved, the oblong pendant depicting a stylized feline in profile, shown crouching with its abstracted, tucked limbs rendered as projecting flanges. The beast's body, decorated with neatly incised double-line grooves, extends into a slightly upturned head distinguished by a large circular eye and gaping mouth. The upper section of the pendant pierced with a small aperture for suspension.The translucent stone showing an attractive interplay of dark green and deep russet-brown hues, with cloudy inclusions and small areas of cream-white calcification.Provenance: German trade. Acquired from an old private estate in Berlin, Germany.Condition: Very good condition with expected wear, traces of weathering, signs of prolonged burial, encrustations, small losses, few minute chips, minuscule nibbling. Natural inclusions and fissures, some of which may have developed into hairline cracks over time.Weight: 228.3 gDimensions: Length 20.2 cmExpert's note: An important stylistic feature of the present pendant is the use of the so-called double-line grooves. On first inspection, it appears that these rise in low relief. But in fact, this is an optical illusion, or trompe-l'?il effect, as those slender 'relief lines' are actually flush with the object's surface and seem to rise in relief only because of the intaglio lines, or grooves, that flank them. Such trompe-l'?il lines are a rare feature, and found on the very finest Shang jades only.The tiger, called 'hu' or 'laohu' in Chinese, is among the most recognizable charismatic megafauna worldwide. Originating in China and northern Central Asia, the tiger was known to the earliest Chinese, who likely feared, admired, and respected it for its strength, ferocity, and regal bearing. Although precise symbolism during the Shang period (c. 1600-1046 BC) remains unknown, the tiger certainly fulfilled a totemic, tutelary, and talismanic function. By the Western Han period (206 BC-9 AD), roughly a millennium after the production of this pendant, the tiger was regarded as the 'king of the hundred beasts' (baishou zhi wang), due to its power and ferocity, as well as distinctive forehead markings that commonly resemble the character 'wang', meaning 'king'. In addition, not only did the tiger figure among the twelve animals of the Chinese zodiac, but it gained a place among the auspicious animals that symbolize the four cardinal directions: the White Tiger, or 'baihu', of the west, the Azure Dragon of the east, the Vermilion Bird of the south, and the Black Tortoise of the north.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related jade tiger-form plaque, 10.8 cm long, dated to the Western Zhou dynasty, illustrated and exhibited by J. J. Lally, Ancient Chinese Jade: From the Neolithic to the Han, 10 March-2 April 2016, New York, no. 37. Compare a related jade pendant, 8 cm long, dated to the late Western Zhou dynasty, in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, accession number 購玉000518N000000000. Compare a related jade pendant, dated mid-Western Zhou dynasty, 8.4 cm long, in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, accession number 購玉000627N000000000.Auction result comparison:Type: Closely relatedAuction: Zacke Vienna, 29 September 2022, lot 34Price: EUR 20,800 or approx. EUR 23,000 adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A tiger-form jade pendant, late Shang dynastyExpert remark: Compare the closely related manner of carving, stone, and subject. Note the much smaller size (6.5 cm).

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