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A LARGE SOAPSTONE BUDDHIST SEAL OF ACALA, PROTECTOR OF THE DHARMA, QING DYNASTY, DATED 1863
奥地利
04月17日 下午5点 开拍 /19天
拍品描述 翻译
Expert's note: The unusually large format and powerful iconography of the present seal suggest that it was not intended as an ordinary personal seal but rather served as a Buddhist ritual seal used to invoke the protective power of Acala.Such seals were employed by Buddhist monks, tantric practitioners, or temple officials, particularly those connected with Esoteric Buddhist practices in which wrathful protectors played a central role in rites aimed at subduing obstacles and negative forces.In practical use, the seal would have been pressed into seal paste and applied to ritual papers, talismans, dhāra?ī sheets, or documents issued within a monastic context, the act of stamping itself functioning as a symbolic invocation of the deity's protective authority. It may also have been used during consecration rites to mark clay tablets, ritual implements, incense paste, protective charms, and consecration papers accompanying statues and offerings.The interpretation of the seal as a devotional implement is supported by several features: the iconography of Acala, a wrathful guardian prominently invoked in protective Buddhist rituals; the considerable size of the seal, which would allow the image to appear clearly when impressed on ritual sheets; the inscription stating that all Buddhas are manifestations of the mind, a phrase reflecting Mahayana Buddhist doctrine; and the date of 1863, a period during the late Qing dynasty when esoteric and apotropaic Buddhist practices remained widespread in both temple and lay devotional contexts.China. Finely carved, the seal face engraved with a dynamic image of Acala in a bellicose stance. The deity raises aloft his characteristic sword in his right hand, the blade entwined by a fierce dragon, while his left hand grasps a cord composed of multiple loops terminating in a ring. His ferocious countenance defined by two bulging eyes set beneath bushy eyebrows, a broad nose, and full lips parted to reveal two sharp fangs. His luxuriant hair, minutely incised, streams outward as if stirred by the wind, framing the composition. The translucent stone of a dark green tone with cloudy inclusions.Inscriptions: To one side, 'All the buddhas that you see are an expression of your mind. In the summer of the year of [gui]hai.'Provenance: Swiss trade. Acquired at a local estate in Zurich, Switzerland.Condition: Very good condition with minor wear, traces of use, remnants of seal paste, light surface scratches, small nicks.Weight: 637.2 gDimensions: 8.9 cmAcala is a wrathful deity and protector of the Dharma prominent in Vajrayana and East Asian Buddhism. Initially described as a minor figure, serving as a messenger or attendant of the Buddha Vairocana, Acala gradually assumed an independent and central role as an object of veneration. He came to be regarded as a remover of obstacles and destroyer of evil, being variously interpreted as the wrathful manifestation of Vairocana, the Buddha Akshobhya, or the Bodhisattva Manjushri. Acala also occupies the foremost position among the Five Wisdom Kings of the Womb Realm. He thus holds a significant place within the hierarchical structure of the Mandala of the Two Realms. In China, he is known as Budong Mingwang or the 'Immovable Wisdom King'.The description of Acala in the Candamaharosana Tantra offers a concise account of his iconography as developed in East Asian Buddhist art. He is often portrayed holding a sword in his right hand, symbolizing the cutting of ignorance, and a noose in his left, used to bind negative forces. With fangs bared as he bites his lower lip and narrowed eyes, rendered in a vivid red hue, his expression conveys a grimace of fierce concentration to signify unwavering resolve in the defense of the Buddhist teaching.Auction result comparison:Type: RelatedAuction: Sotheby's London, 18 May 2018, lot 459Price: GBP 6,250 or approx. EUR 9,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A soapstone seal, Qing dynasty, 19th centuryExpert remark: Compare the related form, manner of carving, and stone. Note the size (6.7 cm).

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