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A NEOLITHIC POTTERY 'ZEBU' BOWL, INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION, NAL STYLE, 2ND MILLENNIUM BC
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06月30日 下午5点 开拍 /9天3小时
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A NEOLITHIC POTTERY 'ZEBU' BOWL, INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION, NAL STYLE, 2ND MILLENNIUM BCScientific Analysis Report: A thermoluminescence sample analysis has been conducted by Arcadia, Tecnologie Per I Beni Culturali, Milan, dated 30 July 2020, reference no. 175M. The test confirms the sculpture is “in good agreement with the presumed age, and therefore confirms the authenticity of the sample.” A copy of the thermoluminescence analysis report accompanies this lot.Balochistan. The bowl with deep, slightly incurved sides, supported on a short circular foot, and expressively painted in black slip to the exterior with zebu heads punctuated by geometric design and separated by clusters of parallel lines.Provenance: A private collection in Bergamo, Italy. Collection of Leonardo Vigorelli, Bergamo, Italy, acquired from the above. Leonardo Vigorelli is a retired Italian art dealer and noted collector, specializing in African and ancient Hindu-Buddhist art. After studying anthropology and decades of travel as well as extensive field research in India, the Himalayan region, Southeast Asia, and Africa, he founded the Dalton Somaré art gallery in Milan, Italy, which today is being run by his two sons.Condition: Very good condition with expected wear, minuscule nibbling, flaking and rubbing to pigment, signs of burial, encrustations, and a small hole from sample-taking to the base.Weight: 55.4 g Dimensions: Height 5.8 cm, Width 8 cmThe prehistoric cultures of Balochistan occupy a foundational place in the early history of South Asia and provide important insight into the development of settled civilization before the rise of the Indus Valley Civilization. Among the most significant archaeological traditions in the region are Mehrgarh, the painted ceramics known as Nal ware, and the later Kulli culture, each representing successive stages in the social and artistic evolution of prehistoric communities.The Nal culture emerged in southern and central Balochistan, distinguished above all by its remarkable polychrome pottery decorated with geometric, vegetal, and animal motifs in red, black, yellow, and blue pigments. The refinement and balance of these painted ceramics suggest highly skilled artisans and established workshop traditions, while the widespread distribution of Nal ware indicates active cultural exchange across prehistoric Balochistan and beyond.The Indus Valley Civilization was a Bronze Age culture in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BC to 1300 BC, and in its mature form from 2600 BC to 1900 BC. Together with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, it was one of three early civilizations of the Near East and South Asia, and of the three, the most widespread. Its sites spanned an area from northeast Afghanistan and much of Pakistan to western and northwestern India. The civilization flourished both in the alluvial plain of the Indus River, which flows through the length of Pakistan and along a system of perennial monsoon-fed rivers that once coursed in the vicinity of the Ghaggar-Hakra, a seasonal river in northwest India and eastern Pakistan.Zebu cattle are thought to be derived from the Indian bos primigenius namadicus, a subspecies of the aurochs. Wild Asian aurochs disappeared during the time of the Indus Valley Civilization from their range in the Indus River basin and other parts of the South Asian region possibly due to interbreeding with domestic zebu and the resultant fragmentation of wild populations due to loss of habitat. Believed to have first been bred in northwestern South Asia, between 7000 and 6000 BC, they are understood to have been dispersed by 4000 BC and spread across much of South Asia by 2000 BC.Literature comparison: Compare a closely related small cylindrical beaker with sharp irregular carination and ring base, Balochistan, dated 4th-3rd millennium BC, exhibited in National Museum of Oriental Art-Giuseppe Tucci, Rome, Living Symbols: The Power of Images in the Prehistoric Pottery of Pakistan, 25 June-21 September 2014, cat. no. 35. Compare a closely related painted pottery jar, Nal-style, in Akinori Uesugi (ed.), Ceramic and Terracotta Figurines from Balochistan of the Katolec Collection, 2017, p. 13, no. 11; and another bowl decorated with independent stepped criss-cross motif, ibid., p.26, no. 44.

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