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A RARE BAMANA WOOD AND IRON ANTHROPOMORPHIC BELLOWS, MALI, 19TH-20TH CENTURY
奥地利
06月30日 下午5点 开拍 /9天1小时
拍品描述 翻译
A RARE BAMANA WOOD AND IRON ANTHROPOMORPHIC BELLOWS, MALI, 19TH-20TH CENTURYSkillfully carved in a typical form, the wooden structure consists of two wide-mouth tubes resembling raised arms, with a stylized head placed at the center of the figurative torso, extending into two iron tubes that conduct air toward a blacksmith furnace.Provenance: The collection of Inge Bienenstein, Vienna, Austria, thence by descent within the family. Ingeborg Bienenstein (d. 2013) was the founder and director of Bienenstein Gallery, which she started in 1978 in Vienna, Austria. The gallery held several exhibitions each year, displaying fine antiques and works of art from Asia, Africa, and Oceania in context with modern art and design from Europe. This approach aimed at showcasing a universal language of art and the fact that art from all around the world can be connected in a meaningful way.Condition: Good condition with expected wear, traces of use, small age cracks, signs of weathering, few minor nicks and minute chips, shallow surface scratches. Good patina overall.Weight: 3.7 kg (incl. stand)Dimensions: Height 55.7 cm (excl. stand), 56.9 (incl. stand)With an associated metal stand. (2)The Bamana people, also referred to as Bambara, constitute a Mandé ethnic group indigenous to West Africa, with a principal presence in southern Mali and in regions of C?te d'Ivoire, Guinea, Burkina Faso, and Senegal. Historical scholarship associates the Bamana with the Bambara Empire, one of the major political entities of eighteenth-century West Africa. According to the Encyclopedia of Africa, the term 'Bambara' has been interpreted as 'unbeliever' or 'infidel' in reference to resistance to Islamization following the campaigns of the Toucouleur leader El Hadj Omar Tall during the mid-nineteenth century.Metallurgy held a position of exceptional importance within Bamana society, traditionally structured through endogamous social organization, and remained under the authority of a hereditary caste of blacksmiths known as the numuw. These specialists fulfilled functions extending far beyond craftsmanship, encompassing divination, ritual practice, amulet production, and medicinal knowledge. Bamana blacksmiths therefore assumed responsibility for communal well-being, village protection, and the transmission of knowledge associated with nyama, a spiritual force of central importance within Mandé cosmology.Technically, Bamana bellows generally functioned through a dual-chamber mechanism constructed from leather or carved wood and operated through alternating manual pressure. Air passed through tubular conduits into the forge in order to intensify charcoal combustion and elevate temperature. Numerous regional forms of bellows developed throughout the Sahel and West Africa. However, Bamana examples remain particularly notable for sculptural sophistication and elaborate formal treatment.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related wood and iron bellows with face, Mali, Bamana peoples, 19th-20th century, 35.9 cm long, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, object number 1981.483.

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