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A GROUP OF THREE BONE SIN-'PHEN 'CHITIPATI' BEADS, LATE 18TH-19TH CENTURY
奥地利
06月30日 下午5点 开拍 /9天4小时
拍品描述 翻译
A GROUP OF THREE BONE SIN-'PHEN 'CHITIPATI' BEADS, LATE 18TH-19TH CENTURYTibet. Each finely carved from bone in the form of a grinning skull, with hollowed eyes and nominally incised facial features to delineate a row of teeth and skull markings; pierced vertically from the base through the crown for suspension. (3)Provenance: From a private collection of a Dutch antiquities dealer, acquired in Tibet over 20 years ago.Condition: Very good condition with minor wear and natural imperfections. Fine natural age cracks and expected deterioration. The bone with a naturally grown, lustrous patina.Weight: 52.9 (total) Dimensions: Height 2.8 cm (each)The present beads were likely strung together to form a larger Buddhist rosary, which evolved from ancient Hindu-Indian mala prayer beads. In Tibet, such rosaries are known as sin-'phen and are used by both lay practitioners and monks. The main prayer beads were used to count repetitions of prayers.Such imagery is closely associated with Chitipati, skeletal guardians of the charnel grounds revered in tantric Buddhism as powerful protectors. Chitipati are known in Sanskrit sources as Shmashana Adhipati, or Lord of the Charnel Ground, and commonly represented as a dancing skeletal couple. Closely connected with the Chakrasamvara Tantra, they are typically depicted as intertwined skeletons dancing amid a halo of flames while holding ritual attributes. As lords of the cremation grounds, they remind practitioners of the inevitability of death and decay while simultaneously expressing the possibility of spiritual liberation. A popular subject in Tibetan Buddhist art, the Chitipati appear widely in thangka painting, sculpture, shrine decoration, ritual implements, and the costumes worn during Cham ceremonial dances.Skeletal imagery such as the present example can be linked to a memento mori, serving as a reminder of death and the impermanence and emptiness of all phenomena. Skull and skeleton imagery play an important role in Tibetan Buddhist ritual and visual culture and appears prominently in charnel-ground symbolism associated with tantric practice. Related skeletal jewelry is worn extensively throughout the Himalayas and Mongolia, often by Tantric practitioners as well as in sacred theatrical performances that visually communicate Buddhist teachings and transform the dancers into divine beings.Comparable rosaries made of bone exist and were used in destructive or wrathful rituals, such as an example preserved in the Guimet Museum (object number MA3459). Mahakala, one of the principal protectors of Buddhist teachings, is often depicted holding a rosary of large skull beads, a motif that appears across various ritual implements. Additional comparable rosaries are held in Western public and private collections, while others are made from small bone discs cut from skullcaps; the Palace Museum in Taipei, for example, preserves an iron rosary formed of skull motifs. See a related sin-'phen 'skull' mala with similarly incised beads, at Zacke, Vienna, 11 March 2026, lot 107 (sold for EUR 14,300).

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