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A BETE WOOD AND IRON MASK, LATE 19TH-20TH CENTURY
奥地利
09月11日 晚上8点 开拍 / 09月09日 下午3点 截止委托
拍品描述 翻译
A BETE WOOD AND IRON MASK, LATE 19TH-20TH CENTURY This lot is from a single owner collection and is therefore offered without reserve Expert’s note: Historically identified as emanating from the Bete people, the origin of these masks is more subtle and more complicated, as the scholar Alain-Michel Boyer has recently argued. Amongst the people known by the ethnonym of Bete – a term which encompasses several very different groups – it is only the western Bete, who live in western C?te d’Ivoire near the Guere (or We) and Nyabwa, who use masks of this type. Boyer states that the form “circulated among these three ethnic groups” (Alain-Michel Boyer, We, Milan, 2019, p. 111) and that it was borrowed by the Bete from the Nyabwa. Boyer notes that “Nyabwa is the ceremonial language of the Bete for this mask” (ibid.), and that “among the Bete, officiants use only Nyabwa so as to preserve the ‘authenticity’ of the ceremony” (ibid., p. 54; citing Marie-No?l Verger-Fèvre in Jean-Paul Barbier, ed., Arts de la C?te d’Ivoire, Geneva, 1993, Vol. II, p. 90). In Boyer’s reading, all “distinction between the masks of the Eastern We, the Nyabwa and the Bete is artificial, since the brotherhoods that manage them are not curtailed by ethnic or dialectal barriers and readily perform in each other’s villages.” (ibid., p. 55). He continues, however, by noting that “amongst the Eastern We as well as the Western Bete, [masks] are commonly characterized by their majesty, their opulence […and] density of composition, multiplication of overlapping, stylized horns and tusks reaching out to the light in a constructed architecture, nostrils so hypertrophied that they sometimes resemble fins, sometimes the snout of a warthog curving up to the temples […]” (ibid.). In the present mask we can see these attributes, which draw on the characteristics of several hostile forces of the forest; the large, curved, tusk-like projections, and the horns across the forehead. Ivory Coast. Finely carved the ovoid face with two sets of pierced eyes beneath inwards pointing horns, the nose transitioning into a second set of horns coiling like a moustache, above a protruding open mouth, all surmounted by an overhanging forehead. The forehead, horns and mouth detailed with iron studs. Provenance: Professor Gert Chesi, acquired circa 1990-2015 for the Museum der V?lker (formerly Haus der V?lker, Museum für Kunst und Ethnographie), Schwaz, Tyrol, Austria, and subsequently de-accessed. Gert Chesi (b. 1940) is an Austrian photographer, author, and art collector. In 1995, Chesi founded the Museum der V?lker (formerly Haus der V?lker, Museum für Kunst und Ethnographie), Schwaz, Tyrol, Austria, a museum of art and ethnography whose collection consists mainly of objects acquired during Chesi’s travels through Africa and Asia, most of which were assembled in the 1990s and early 2000s. He also authored several books on African voodoo and magic rituals, including ‘Voodoo. Afrikas geheime Macht’ (1987) and ‘Die letzten Afrikaner’ (1977). Condition: Fair condition with expected wear, minor age cracks, minuscule losses, old repairs to horns and a small section at the back. Weight: 795 g Dimensions: Length 27.3 cm Bete masks , particularly older examples, are rare in African art and are characterized by bold volumes, projecting forms, and surfaces studded with metal tacks. Believed to embody powerful forest spirits, these masks share stylistic traits with the masks of the neighboring Guere, including expressive features such as overhanging foreheads. Such masks were used in ritual contexts for social regulation, conflict resolution, and protective functions. Literature comparison: Compare a related Bete wood mask, dated 19 th -20 th century, 31.1 cm tall, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, object number 1985.418.1. Compare a related Bete face mask, dated late 19 th century, in the African Art Museum, Smithsonian Institution, object number 2013-21-1. Auction result comparison: Type: Closely related Auction: Sotheby’s New York, 4 December 2020, lot 42 Mid-Estimate: USD 125,000 or approx. EUR 139,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing Description: Bete or We Mask, C?te d'Ivoire Expert remark: Compare the closely related modeling and manner of carving with similar tusk-like projections, horns (albeit formed as a continuous loop here), and studs. Note the size (26.7 cm).

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