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TIBET, 15TH CENTURY 5 1/8 in. (13 cm.) high
Hvashang was an eighth-century Chinese Buddhist monk who, after teaching on a visit to the region of Dunhang, was invited by Tibetan King Trisong Detsen to represent the Northern Chinese school of Ch'an Buddhism in a debate against an Indian adept to represent the position of the gradual approach to enlightenment. The latter school prevailed and Hvashang’s Ch'an philosophy of sudden enlightenment was officially denounced.
The present representation depicts the adept holding a persimmon fruit—an offering to the arhats he challenged at the Lhasa Council. A monk sits before him and other devotees at his side, perhaps symbolizing his audience or fellow Chinese monks.
The sculpture bears a compositional and stylistic similarity to a sculpture housed in the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa, illustrated below.
Himalayan Art Resources, item no. 24562.