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Johannes Phokela (South African 1966 -) SATURN DEVOURING HIS OWN CHILDREN oil on paper 1:54 Contemporary African Art Fair, London, 2015 PROVENANCERussell Kaplan Auctioneers, April 2018, lot 57 58 by 41cm JOHANNES PHOKELA - SATURN DEVOURING HIS OWN CHILDREN In Johannes Phokela’s oil on paper painting, the artist depicts his own rendition of Peter Paul Rubens’ Baroque painting Saturn Devouring His Son (1636). Both artists, and Francisco de la Goya, were inspired by the Roman myth of Saturn. According to the Roman myth, Saturn was born to Caelus, the sky god, and Tellus, mother earth. Saturn defeated his tyrannical father to become the ruling deity of the world. However his reign was blighted by a prophecy that a child born to him would ultimately dethrone him. To prevent this he devoured every new born birthed to him and his wife Ops, the goddess of fertility. Ops hid the birth of their sixth child, Jupiter, from Saturn by wrapping a stone in clothing, telling him it was their new born child, which he then proceeded to eat. Having survived, Jupiter then dethroned his father as the prophecy predicted. The myth of Saturn is very similar to the Greek myth of Cronus, the difference being that the Romans considered Saturn to be one of their more important deities. Phokela is known for re-presenting well known artworks that are firmly entrenched in the Western art canon, as well as images from contemporary media such as newspapers. He is well aware of the relevance of the artworks that he chooses to re-present and satirises the work as a means of commenting on certain power relations. The artist was born in Soweto in 1966 and lives and works in both Johannesburg and London. He studied art at the Royal College of Art, Camberwell College of Art, St Martin’s College of Art and also at the FUBA Art Centre in South Africa. Phokela is the recipient of a number of prestigious awards and has exhibited extensively both in South Africa and internationally. According to Mary Corrigall: “Phokela treads a fine line between mimicry and mockery. He reproduces figures, scenes and the classical mode with a post-colonial revisionist twist, which ultimately allows him to raise a finger at the West.” (Mail and Guardian 2015)Saturn Devouring his Own Children was originally produced for the 1:54 Contemporary African Art Fair in London in 2015. Phokela’s work differs from the Goya and especially the Rubens in that in Phokela’s version Saturn grips an infant from his ankle, rather than holds a staff. Two more young children appear in the right forefront of the composition where they engage over a small, indistinguishable article, seemingly unaware of their brutal fate. Rubens included three stars at the top centre of the composition. These celestial bodies were newly discovered by Galileo using his telescope and he believed them to be stars. They ultimately turned out to be the planet Saturn and the rings which surround it. These three “stars” are missing from Phokela’s painting. But the terrifying iconography of an aged Saturn ripping into the flesh of his new born son with the intention of consuming him, gripping the infant around the waist in a manner which a father would otherwise use to nurture or protect his child, is still virtually indistinguishable from Rubens’ painting. By adding more children to his version of the well known artwork Phokela emphasises the violence and cruelty that are so often found in art, but which become normalised in the viewer’s familiarity of these images. This may also explain the change in the title from the Rubens and Goya works which are titled Saturn Devouring his Son. - S.D.Johannes Phokela, Mary Corrigall, accessed January 12, 2020: www.davidkrut.com/bookPhokela.html Rubens & Goya-Sturn Devouring His Son, Classical Arts Universe, accessed January 12, 2020: https://classicalartsuniverse.com/rubens-goya-saturn-devouring-his-son-analysis