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NEW YORK CONDITIONS OF SALE
BUYING AT CHRISTIE’S
CONDITIONS OF SALE
These Conditions of Sale and the Important Notices and Explanation of Cataloguing Practice set out the
terms on which we offer the lots listed in this catalogue for sale. By registering to bid and/or by bidding
at auction you agree to these terms, so you should read them carefully before doing so. You will find a
glossary at the end explaining the meaning of the words and expressions coloured in bold. As well as
these Conditions of Sale, lots in which we offer Non-Fungible Tokens are governed by the Additional
Conditions of Sale – Non-Fungible Tokens, which are available in Appendix A herein. For the sale of NonFungible Tokens, to the extent there is a conflict between the “New York Conditions of Sale Buying at
Christie's” and “Additional Conditions of Sale – Non-Fungible Tokens”, the latter controls.
Unless we own a lot in whole or in part (Δ symbol), Christie’s acts as agent for the seller.
A • BEFORE THE SALE
1 • DESCRIPTION OF LOTS
(a) Certain words used in the catalogue description have special meanings. You can find details of these
on the page headed “Important Notices and Explanation of Cataloguing Practice” which forms part of
these terms. You can find a key to the Symbols found next to certain catalogue entries under the
section of the catalogue called “Symbols Used in this Catalogue”.
(b) Our description of any lotin the catalogue, any condition report and any other statement made by us
(whether orally or in writing) about any lot, including about its nature or condition, artist, period,
materials, approximate dimensions, or provenance are our opinion and not to be relied upon as a
statement of fact. We do not carry out in-depth research of the sort carried out by professional
historians and scholars. All dimensions and weights are approximate only.
2 • OUR RESPONSIBILITY FOR OUR DESCRIPTION OF LOTS
We do not provide any guarantee in relation to the nature of a lot apart from our authenticity warranty
contained in paragraph E2 and to the extent provided in paragraph I below.
3 • CONDITION
(a) The condition of lots sold in our auctions can vary widely due to factors such as age, previous
damage, restoration, repair and wear and tear. Their nature means that they will rarely be in perfect
condition. Lots are sold “as is,” in the condition they are in at the time of the sale, without any
representation or warranty or assumption of liability of any kind as to condition by Christie’s or by
the seller.
(b) Any reference to condition in a catalogue entry or in a condition report will not amount to a full
description of condition, and images may not show a lot clearly. Colours and shades may look
different in print or on screen to how they look on physical inspection. Conditionreports may be
available to help you evaluate the condition of a lot. Condition reports are provided free of charge
as a convenience to our buyers and are for guidance only. They offer our opinion but they may not
refer to all faults, inherent defects, restoration, alteration or adaptation because our staff are not
professional restorers or conservators. For that reason condition reports are not an alternative to
examining a lot in person or seeking your own professional advice. It is your responsibility to ensure
that you have requested, received and considered any condition report.
4 • VIEWING LOTS PRE-AUCTION
(a) If you are planning to bid on a lot, you should inspect it personally or through a knowledgeable
representative before you make a bid to make sure that you accept the description and its condition.
We recommend you get your own advice from a restorer or other professional adviser.
(b) Pre-auction viewings are open to the public free of charge. Our specialists may be available to answer
questions at pre-auction viewings or by appointment.
5 • ESTIMATES
Estimates are based on the condition, rarity, quality and provenance of the lots and on prices recently
paid at auction for similar property. Estimates can change. Neither you, nor anyone else, may rely on any
estimatesas a prediction or guarantee of the actual selling price of a lot or its value for any other
purpose. Estimatesdo not include the buyer’s premiumor any applicable taxes.
6 • WITHDRAWAL
Christie’s may, at its option, withdraw any lotfrom auction at any time prior to or during the sale of the
lot. Christie’s has no liability to you for any decision to withdraw.
7 • JEWELLERY
(a) Coloured gemstones (such as rubies, sapphires and emeralds) may have been treated to improve
their look, through methods such as heating and oiling. These methods are accepted by the
international jewellery trade but may make the gemstone less strong and/or require special care
over time.
(b) All types of gemstones may have been improved by some method. You may request a gemmological
report for any item which does not have a report if the request is made to us at least three weeks
before the date of the auction and you pay the fee for
the report.
(c) We do not obtain a gemmological report for every gemstone sold in our auctions. Where we do get
gemmological reports from internationally accepted gemmological laboratories, such reports will be
described in the catalogue. Reports from American gemmological laboratories will describe any
improvement or treatment to the gemstone. Reports from European gemmological laboratories will
describe any improvement or treatment only if we request that they do so, but will confirm when no
improvement or treatment has been made. Because of differences in approach and technology,
laboratories may not agree whether a particular gemstone has been treated, the amount of treatment,
or whether treatment is permanent. The gemmological laboratories will only report on the
improvements or treatments known to the laboratories at the date of the report.
(d) For jewellery sales, estimates are based on the information in any gemmological report. If no report
is available, assume that the gemstones may have been treated or enhanced.
8 • WATCHES & CLOCKS
(a) Almost all clocks and watches are repaired in their lifetime and may include parts which are not
original. We do not give a warranty that any individual component part of any watch is authentic.
Watchbands described as “associated” are not part of the original watch and may not be authentic.
Clocks may be sold without pendulums, weights or keys.
(b) As collectors’ watches often have very fine and complex mechanisms, you are responsible for any
general service, change of battery, or further repair work that may be necessary. We do not give a
warranty that any watch is in good working order. Certificates are not available unless described in
the catalogue.
(c) Most wristwatches have been opened to find out the type and quality of movement. For that reason,
wristwatches with water resistant cases may not be waterproof and we recommend you have them
checked by a competent watchmaker before use.
Important information about the sale, transport and shipping of watches and watchbands can be
found in paragraph H2(f).
B • REGISTERING TO BID
1 • NEW BIDDERS
(a) If this is your first time bidding at Christie’s or you are a returning bidder who has not bought
anything from any of our salerooms within the last two years you must register at least 48 hours
before an auction begins to give us enough time to process and approve your registration. We may, at
our option, decline to permit you to register as a bidder. You will be asked for the following:
(i) for individuals: Photo identification (driver’s licence, national identity card, or passport) and,
if not shown on the ID document, proof of your current address (for example, a current
utility bill or bank statement);
(ii) for corporate clients: Your Certificate of Incorporation or equivalent document(s) showing
your name and registered address together with documentary proof of directors and
beneficial owners; and
(iii)for trusts, partnerships, offshore companies and other business structures, please contact us
in advance to discuss our requirements.
(b) We may also ask you to give us a financial reference and/or a deposit as a condition of allowing you
to bid. For help, please contact our Client Services Department at +1 212-636-2000.
2 • RETURNING BIDDERS
As described in paragraph B(1) above, we may at our option ask you for current identification, a financial
reference, or a deposit as a condition of allowing you to bid. If you have not bought anything from any of
our salerooms within the last two years or if you want to spend more than on previous occasions, please
contact our Client Services Department at +1 212-636-2000.
3 • IF YOU FAIL TO PROVIDE THE RIGHT DOCUMENTS
If in our opinion you do not satisfy our bidder identification and registration procedures including, but
not limited to completing any anti-money laundering and/or anti-terrorism financing checks we may
require to our satisfaction, we may refuse to register you to bid, and if you make a successful bid, we may
cancel the contract for sale between you and the seller.
4 • BIDDING ON BEHALF OFANOTHER PERSON
If you are bidding on behalf of another person, that person will need to complete the registration
requirements above before you can bid, and supply a signed letter authorising you to bid for him/her. A
bidder accepts personal liability to pay the purchase price and all other sums due unless it has been
agreed in writing with Christie’s, before commencement of the auction, that the bidder is acting as an
agent on behalf of a named third party acceptable to Christie’s and that Christie’s will only seek payment
from the named third party.
5 • BIDDING IN PERSON
If you wish to bid in the saleroom you must register for a numbered bidding paddle at least 30 minutes
before the auction. You may register online at www.christies.com or in person. For help, please contact
the Client Service Department on +1 212-636-2000.
6 • BIDDING SERVICES
The bidding services described below are a free service offered as a convenience to our clients and
Christie’s is not responsible for any error (human or otherwise), omission, or breakdown in providing
these services.
(a) Phone Bids
Your request for this service must be made no later than 24 hours prior to the auction. We will accept
bids by telephone for lots only if our staff are available to take the bids. If you need to bid in a language
other than in English, you must arrange this well before the auction. We may record telephone bids. By
bidding on the telephone, you are agreeing to us recording your conversations. You also agree that your
telephone bids are governed by these Conditions of Sale.
(b) Internet Bids on Christie’s LIVE™
For certain auctions we will accept bids over the Internet. For more information, please visit
https://www.christies.com/buying-services/buying-guide/register-and-bid/.As well as these
Conditions of Sale, internet bids are governed by the Christie’s LIVE™ Terms of Use which are available at
https://www.christies.com/LiveBidding/OnlineTermsOfUse.aspx.
(c) Written Bids
You can find a Written Bid Form at any Christie’s office, or by choosing the sale and viewing the lots
online at www.christies.com. We must receive your completed Written Bid at least 24 hours before the
auction. Bids must be placed in the currency of the saleroom. The auctioneer will take reasonable steps
to carry out written bids at the lowest possible price, taking into account the reserve. If you make a
written bid on a lot which does not have a reserve and there is no higher bid than yours, we will bid on
your behalf at around 50% of the low estimateor, if lower, the amount of your bid. If we receive written
bids on a lotfor identical amounts, and at the auction these are the highest bids on the lot, we will sell the
lotto the bidder whose written bid we received first.
C • CONDUCTING THE SALE
1 • WHO CAN ENTER THE AUCTION
We may, at our option, refuse admission to our premises or decline to permit participation in any auction
or to reject any bid.
2 • RESERVES
Unless otherwise indicated, all lots are subject to a reserve. We identify lots that are offered without
reserve with the symbol • next to the lot number. The reserve cannot be more than the lot’s low
estimate.
3 • AUCTIONEER’S DISCRETION
The auctioneer can at his or her sole option:
(a) refuse any bid;
(b) move the bidding backwards or forwards in any way he or she may decide, or change the order of the
lots;
(c) withdraw any lot;
(d) divide any lot or combine any two or more lots;
(e) reopen or continue the bidding even after the hammer has fallen; and
(f) in the case of error or dispute related to bidding and whether during or after the auction, continue
the bidding, determine the successful bidder, cancel the sale of the lot, or reoffer and resell any lot. If
you believe that the auctioneer has accepted the successful bid in error, you must provide a written
notice detailing your claim within 3 business days of the date of the auction. The auctioneerwill
consider such claim in good faith. If the auctioneer, in the exercise of his or her discretion under this
paragraph, decides after the auction is complete, to cancel the sale of a lot, or reoffer and resell a lot,
he or she will notify the successful bidder no later than by the end of the 7th calendar day following
the date of the auction. The auctioneer’sdecision in exercise of this discretion is final. This
paragraph does not in any way prejudice Christie’s ability to cancel the sale of a lot under any other
applicable provision of these Conditions of Sale, including the rights of cancellation set forth in
sections B(3), E(2)(i), F(4), and J(1).
4 • BIDDING
The auctioneer accepts bids from:
(a) bidders in the saleroom;
(b) telephone bidders;
(c) internet bidders through Christie’s LIVE™ (as shown above in paragraph B6); and
(d) written bids (also known as absentee bids or commission bids) left with us by a bidder before the
auction.
5 • BIDDING ON BEHALF OF THE SELLER
The auctioneer may, at his or her sole option, bid on behalf of the seller up to but not including the
amount of the reserve either by making consecutive bids or by making bids in response to other bidders.
The auctioneer will not identify these as bids made on behalf of the seller and will not make any bid on
behalf of the seller at or above the reserve. If lots are offered without reserve, the auctioneer will
generally decide to open the bidding at 50% of the low estimate for the lot. If no bid is made at that level,
the auctioneer may decide to go backwards at his or her sole option until a bid is made, and then
continue up from that amount. In the event that there are no bids on a lot, the auctioneer may deem such
lot unsold.
6 • BID INCREMENTS
Bidding generally starts below the low estimate and increases in steps (bid increments). The auctioneer
will decide at his or her sole option where the bidding should start and the bid increments.
7 • CURRENCY CONVERTER
The saleroom video screens (and Christies LIVE™) may show bids in some other major currencies as well
as US dollars. Any conversion is for guidance only and we cannot be bound by any rate of exchange used.
Christie’s is not responsible for any error (human or otherwise), omission or breakdown in providing
these services.
8 • SUCCESSFUL BIDS
Unless the auctioneer decides to use his or her discretion as set out in paragraph C3 above, when the
auctioneer’s hammer strikes, we have accepted the last bid. This means a contract for sale has been
formed between the seller and the successful bidder. We will issue an invoice only to the registered
bidder who made the successful bid. While we send out invoices by mail and/or email after the auction,
we do not accept responsibility for telling you whether or not your bid was successful. If you have bid by
written bid, you should contact us by telephone or in person as soon as possible after the auction to get
details of the outcome of your bid to avoid having to pay unnecessary storage charges.
9 • LOCAL BIDDING LAWS
You agree that when bidding in any of our sales that you will strictly comply with all local laws and
regulations in force at the time of the sale for the relevant sale site.
D • THE BUYER’S PREMIUM AND TAXES
1 • THE BUYER’S PREMIUM
In addition to the hammer price, the successful bidder agrees to pay us a buyer’s premiumon the
hammer priceof each lot sold. On all lots we charge 26% of the hammer price up to and including
US$1,000,000, 20% on that part of the hammer priceover US$1,000,000 and up to and including
US$6,000,000, and 14.5% of that part of the hammer priceabove US$6,000,000.
2 • TAXES
The successful bidder is responsible for any applicable taxes including any sales or use tax or equivalent
tax wherever such taxes may arise on the hammer price, the buyer’s premium, and/or any other
charges related to the lot.
For lots Christie’s ships to or within the United States, a sales or use tax may be due on the hammer
price, buyer’s premium, and/or any other charges related to the lot, regardless of the nationality or
citizenship of the successful bidder. Christie’s will collect sales tax where legally required. The applicable
sales tax rate will be determined based upon the state, county, or locale to which the lot will be shipped.
Christie’s shall collect New York sales tax at a rate of 8.875% for any lot collected from Christie’s in New
York.
In accordance with New York law, if Christie’s arranges the shipment of a lot out of New York State, New
York sales tax does not apply, although sales tax or other applicable taxes for other states may apply. If
you hire a shipper (other than a common carrier authorized by Christie’s), to collect the lotfrom a
Christie’s New York location, Christie’s must collect New York sales tax on the lot at a rate of 8.875%
regardless of the ultimate destination of the lot.
If Christie’s delivers the lotto, or the lotis collected by, any framer, restorer or other similar service
provider in New York that you have hired, New York law considers the lot delivered to the successful
bidder in New York and New York sales tax must be imposed regardless of the ultimate destination of the
lot. In this circumstance, New York sales tax will apply to the lot even if Christie’s or a common carrier
(authorized by Christie’s that you hire) subsequently delivers the lot outside New York.
Successful bidders claiming an exemption from sales tax must provide appropriate documentation to
Christie’s prior to the release of the lot or within 90 days after the sale, whichever is earlier. For
shipments to those states for which Christie’s is not required to collect sales tax, a successful bidder may
have a use or similar tax obligation. It is the successful bidder’s responsibility to pay all taxes due. Christie’s
recommends you consult your own independent tax advisor with any questions.
E • WARRANTIES
1 • SELLER’S WARRANTIES
For each lot, the seller gives a warranty that the seller:
(a) is the owner of the lot or a joint owner of the lot acting with the permission of the other co-owners
or, if the seller is not the owner or a joint owner of the lot, has the permission of the owner to sell the
lot, or the right to do so in law; and
(b) has the right to transfer ownership of the lot to the buyer without any restrictions or claims by
anyone else.
(c) If either of the above warranties are incorrect, the seller shall not have to pay more than the
purchase price(as defined in paragraph F1(a) below) paid by you to us. The seller will not be
responsible to you for any reason for loss of profits or business, expected savings, loss of opportunity
or interest, costs, damages, other damages or expenses. The seller gives no warranty in relation to
any lot other than as set out above and, as far as the seller is allowed by law, all warranties from the
seller to you, and all other obligations upon the seller which may be added to this agreement by law,
are excluded.
2 • OUR AUTHENTICITY WARRANTY
We warrant, subject to the terms below, that the lots in our sales are authentic (our “authenticity
warranty”). If, within 5 years of the date of the auction, you give notice to us that your lotis not
authentic, subject to the terms below, we will refund the purchase price paid by you. The meaning of
authentic can be found in the glossary at the end of these Conditions of Sale. The terms of the
authenticity warrantyare as follows:
(a) It will be honored for claims notified within a period of 5 years from the date of the auction. After
such time, we will not be obligated to honor the authenticity warranty.
(b) It is given only for information shown in UPPERCASE type in the first line of the catalogue
description (the “Heading”). It does not apply to any information other than in the Heading even if
shown in UPPERCASE type.
(c) The authenticity warrantydoes not apply to any Heading or part of a Heading which is qualified.
Qualified means limited by a clarification in a lot’s catalogue description or by the use in a
Heading of one of the terms listed in the section titled Qualified Headings on the page of the
catalogue headed “Important Notices and Explanation of Cataloguing Practice”. For example, use of
the term “ATTRIBUTED TO…” in a Headingmeans that the lotis in Christie’s opinion probably a
work by the named artist but no warranty is provided that the lotis the work of the named artist.
Please read the full list of QualifiedHeadings and a lot’s full catalogue descriptionbefore bidding.
(d) The authenticity warrantyapplies to the Heading as amended by any Saleroom notice.
(e) The authenticity warrantydoes not apply where scholarship has developed since the auction
leading to a change in generally accepted opinion. Further, it does not apply if the Heading either
matched the generally accepted opinion of experts at the date of the auction or drew attention to any
conflict of opinion.
(f) The authenticity warrantydoes not apply if the lot can only be shown not to be authentic by a
scientific process which, on the date we published the catalogue, was not available or generally
accepted for use, or which was unreasonably expensive or impractical, or which was likely to have
damaged
the lot.
(g) The benefit of the authenticity warranty is only available to the original buyer shown on the invoice
for the lot issued at the time of the sale and only if on the date of the notice of claim, the original
buyer is the full owner of the lot and the lot is free from any claim, interest or restriction by anyone
else. The benefit of this authenticity warranty may not be transferred to anyone else.
(h) In order to claim under the authenticity warranty you must:
(i) give us written notice of your claim within 5 years of the date of the auction. We may require
full details and supporting evidence of any such claim;
(ii) at Christie’s option, we may require you to provide the written opinions of two recognised
experts in the field of the lot mutually agreed by you and us in advance confirming that the
lotis not authentic. If we have any doubts, we reservethe right to obtain additional
opinions at our expense; and
(iii) return the lot at your expense to the saleroom from which you bought it in the condition it
was in at the time of sale.
(i) Your only right under this authenticity warranty is to cancel the sale and receive a refund of the
purchase pricepaid by you to us. We will not, under any circumstances, be required to pay you more
than the purchase pricenor will we be liable for any loss of profits or business, loss of opportunity
or value, expected savings or interest, costs, damages, other damagesor expenses.
(j) Books. Where the lot is a book, we give an additional warranty for 21 days from the date of the
auction that any lotis defective in text or illustration, we will refund your purchase price, subject to
the following terms:
(a) This additional warranty does not apply to:
(i) the absence of blanks, half titles, tissue guards or advertisements, damage in respect of
bindings, stains, spotting, marginal tears or other defects not affecting completeness of the
text or illustration;
(ii) drawings, autographs, letters or manuscripts, signed photographs, music, atlases, maps or
periodicals;
(iii) books not identified by title;
(iv) lots sold without a printed estimate;
(v) books which are described in the catalogue as sold not subject to return; or
(vi) defects stated in any condition report or announced at the time of sale.
(b) To make a claim under this paragraph you must give written details of the defect and return the
lotto the sale room at which you bought it in the same condition as at the time of sale, within 21
days of the date of the sale.
(k)South East Asian Modern and Contemporary Art and Chinese Calligraphy and Painting.
In these categories, the authenticity warranty does not apply because current scholarship does not
permit the making of definitive statements. Christie’s does, however, agree to cancel a sale in either of
these two categories of art where it has been proven the lotis a forgery. Christie’s will refund to the
original buyer the purchase price in accordance with the terms of Christie’s Authenticity warranty,
provided that the original buyer notifies us with full supporting evidence documenting the forgery
claim within twelve (12) months of the date of the auction. Such evidence must be satisfactory to us
that the property is a forgery in accordance with paragraph E2(h)(ii) above and the property must be
returned to us in accordance with E2h(iii) above. Paragraphs E2(b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) and (i)
also apply to a claim under these categories.
(l) Chinese, Japanese and Korean artefacts (excluding Chinese, Japanese and Korean calligraphy,
paintings, prints, drawings and jewellery).
In these categories, paragraph E2 (b) – (e) above shall be amended so that where no maker or artist
is identified, the authenticity warranty is given not only for the Headingbut also for information
regarding date or period shown in UPPERCASE type in the second line of the catalogue description
(the “Subheading”). Accordingly, all references to the Heading in paragraph E2 (b) – (e) above shall
be read as references to both the Heading and the Subheading. 3 • NO IMPLIEDWARRANTIES
EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPHS E1 AND E2 ABOVE, NEITHER THE SELLER NOR THE
CHRISTIE’S GROUP MAKE ANY OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ORAL OR WRITTEN,
WITH RESPECT TO THE LOT, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIESOF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, EACH OF WHICH IS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMED.
4 • YOUR WARRANTIES
(a) You warrant that the funds used for settlement are not connected with any criminal activity,
including tax evasion, and you are neither under investigation, nor have you been charged with or
convicted of money laundering, terrorist activities or other crimes.
(b) Where you are bidding on behalf of another person, you warrant that:
(i) you have conducted appropriate customer due diligence on the ultimate buyer(s) of the
lot(s) in accordance with all applicable anti-money laundering and sanctions laws, consent
to us relying on this due diligence, and you will retain for a period of not less than 5 years
the documentation evidencing the due diligence. You will make such documentation
promptly available for immediate inspection by an independent third-party auditor upon
our written request to do so;
(ii) the arrangements between you and the ultimate buyer(s) in relation to the lot or otherwise
do not, in whole or in part, facilitate tax crimes;
(iii)you do not know, and have no reason to suspect, that the funds used for settlement are
connected with, the proceeds of any criminal activity, including tax evasion, or that the
ultimate buyer(s) are under investigation, or have been charged with or convicted of money
laundering, terrorist activities or other crimes.
F • PAYMENT
1 • HOW TO PAY
(a) Immediately following the auction, you must pay the purchase price being:
(i) the hammer price; and
(ii) the buyer’s premium; and
(iii)any applicable duties, goods, sales, use, compensating or service tax, or VAT.
Payment is due no later than by the end of the 7th calendar day following the date of the auction (the
“due date”).
(b) We will only accept payment from the registered bidder. Once issued, we cannot change the buyer’s
name on an invoice or re-issue the invoice in a different name. You must pay immediately even if you
want to export the lot and you need an export licence.
(c) You must pay for lots bought at Christie’s in the United States in the currency stated on the invoice in
one of the following ways:
(i) Wire transfer
JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A.,
270 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10017;
ABA# 021000021; FBO: Christie’s Inc.;
Account # 957-107978,
for international transfers, SWIFT: CHASUS33.
(ii) Credit Card
We accept Visa, MasterCard, American Express and China Union Pay. Credit card payments
at the New York premises will only be accepted for New York sales. Christie’s will not accept
credit card payments for purchases in any other sale site.
(iii) Cash
We accept cash payments (including money orders and traveller’s checks) subject to a
maximum global aggregate of US$7,500 per buyer.
(iv) Bank Checks
You must make these payable to Christie’s Inc. and there may be conditions. Once we have
deposited your check, property cannot be released until five business days have passed.
(v) Checks
You must make checks payable to Christie’s Inc. and they must be drawn from US dollar
accounts from a US bank.
(d) You must quote the sale number, your invoice number and client number when making a payment.
All payments sent by post must be sent to:
Christie’s Inc. Post-Sale Services,
20 Rockefeller Center, New York, NY 10020.
(e) For more information please contact our Post-Sale Services by phone at +1 212 636 2650 or fax at +1
212 636 4939 or email PostSaleUS@christies.com.
(f) Cryptocurrency (if applicable): You may either pay for a lot in the currency of the sale or by a
cryptocurrency permitted by us. The invoice will set forth the purchase price in the currency of the
sale and where permitted by us, a specified cryptocurrency. Partial payment in cryptocurrency is not
permitted. Where the purchase price is payable in a specified cryptocurrency, the invoice will include
both the amount due in the currency of the sale as well as a cryptocurrency amount. The
cryptocurrency amount will be calculated by us based on the most recent published CME CF EtherDollar Reference Rate (BRR and ETHUSD_RR) index rate as determined by us, and will be disclosed in
the invoice. The amount of cryptocurrency specified in the invoice is the amount of cryptocurrency
that must be paid to us if that is the payment option you select regardless of whether the conversion
rate at the time of auction or when you pay the invoice or at any other time is different. In the event
that we are required to return any amounts to you hereunder, you agree to receive such amounts in
the fiat amount of the saleroom.
2 • TRANSFERRING OWNERSHIP TO YOU
You will not own the lot and ownership of the lot will not pass to you until we have received full and clear
payment of the purchase price, even in circumstances where we have released the lotto you.
3 • TRANSFERRING RISK TO YOU
The risk in and responsibility for the lot will transfer to you from whichever is the earlier of the
following:
(a) When you collect the lot; or
(b) At the end of the 30th day following the date of the auction or, if earlier, the date the lotis taken into
care by a third party warehouse as set out on the page headed ‘Storage and Collection’, unless we
have agreed otherwise with you.
4 • WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU DO NOT PAY
(a) If you fail to pay us the purchase price in full by the due date, we will be entitled to do one or more
of the following (as well as enforce our rights under paragraph F5 and any other rights or remedies
we have by law):
(i) we can charge interest from the due date at a rate of up to 1.34% per month on the unpaid
amount due;
(ii) we can cancel the sale of the lot. If we do this, we may sell the lot again, publically or
privately on such terms we shall think necessary or appropriate, in which case you must pay
us any shortfall between the purchase price and the proceeds from the resale. You must
also pay all costs, expenses, losses, damages and legal fees we have to pay or may suffer and
any shortfall in the seller’s commission on the resale;
(iii)we can pay the seller an amount up to the net proceeds payable in respect of the amount bid
by your default in which case you acknowledge and understand that Christie’s will have all
of the rights of the seller to pursue you for such amounts;
(iv) we can hold you legally responsible for the purchase price and may begin legal proceedings
to recover it together with other losses, interest, legal fees and costs as far as we are allowed
by law;
(v) we can take what you owe us from any amounts which we or any company in the Christie’s
Group may owe you (including any deposit or other part-payment which you have paid to
us);
(vi) we can, at our option, reveal your identity and contact details to the seller;
(vii) we can reject at any future auction any bids made by or on behalf of the buyer or to obtain a
deposit from the buyer before accepting any bids;
(viii)we can exercise all the rights and remedies of a person holding security over any property in
our possession owned by you, whether by way of pledge, security interest or in any other
way as permitted by the law of the place where such property is located. You will be deemed
to have granted such security to us and we may retain such property as collateral security
for your obligations to us; and
(ix) we can take any other action we see necessary or appropriate.
(b) If you owe money to us or to another Christie’s Group company, we can use any amount you do pay,
including any deposit or other part-payment you have made to us, or which we owe you, to pay off
any amount you owe to us or another Christie’s Group company for any transaction.
5 • KEEPING YOUR PROPERTY
If you owe money to us or to another Christie’s Group company, as well as the rights set out in F4 above,
we can use or deal with any of your property we hold or which is held by another Christie’s Group
company in any way we are allowed to by law. We will only release your property to you after you pay us
or the relevant Christie’s Group company in full for what you owe. However, if we choose, we can also
sell your property in any way we think appropriate. We will use the proceeds of the sale against any
amounts you owe us and we will pay any amount left from that sale to you. If there is a shortfall, you must
pay us any difference between the amount we have received from the sale and the amount you owe us.
G • COLLECTION AND STORAGE
(a) You must collect purchased lots within seven days from the auction (but note that lots will not be
released to you until you have made full and clear payment of all amounts due to us).
(b) Information on collecting lots is set out on the storage and collection page and on an information
sheet which you can get from the bidder registration staff or Christie’s Post-Sale Services Department
on +1 212 636 2650.
(c) If you do not collect any lot within thirty days following the auction we may, at our option
(i) charge you storage costs at the rates set out at www.christies.com/storage.
(ii) move the lotto another Christie’s location or an affiliate or third party warehouse and
charge you transport costs and administration fees for doing so and you will be subject to
the third party storage warehouse’s standard terms and to pay for their standard fees and
costs.
(iii) sell the lotin any commercially reasonable way we think appropriate.
(d) The Storage conditions which can be found at www.christies.com/storage will apply.
(e) In accordance with New York law, if you have paid for the lotin full but you do not collect the lot
within 180 calendar days of payment, we may charge you New York sales tax for the lot.
(f) Nothing in this paragraph is intended to limit our rights under paragraph F4.
H • TRANSPORT AND SHIPPING
1 • SHIPPING
We would be happy to assist in making shipping arrangements on request. You must make all transport
and shipping arrangements. However, we can arrange to pack, transport, and ship your property if you
ask us to and pay the costs of doing so. We recommend that you ask us for an estimate, especially for any
large items or items of high value that need professional packing. We may also suggest other handlers,
packers, transporters, or experts if you ask us to do so. For more information, please contact Christie’s
Post-Sale Services at +1 212 636 2650. See the information set out at https://www.christies.com/buyingservices/buying-guide/ship/ or contact us at PostSaleUS@christies.com. We will take reasonable care
when we are handling, packing, transporting, and shipping a. However, if we recommend another
company for any of these purposes, we are not responsible for their acts, failure to act, or neglect.
2 • EXPORT AND IMPORT
Any lot sold at auction may be affected by laws on exports from the country in which it is sold and the
import restrictions of other countries. Many countries require a declaration of export for property leaving
the country and/or an import declaration on entry of property into the country. Local laws may prevent
you from importing a lot or may prevent you selling a lotin the country you import it into.
(a) You alone are responsible for getting advice about and meeting the requirements of any laws or
regulations which apply to exporting or importing any lot prior to bidding. If you are refused a
licence or there is a delay in getting one, you must still pay us in full for the lot. We may be able to
help you apply for the appropriate licences if you ask us to and pay our fee for doing so. However, we
cannot guarantee that you will get one. For more information, please contact Christie’s Post-Sale
Services Department at +1 212 636 2650 and PostSaleUS@christies.com.
See the information set out at https://www.christies.com/buying-services/buying-guide/ship/ or
contact us at PostSaleUS@christies.com.
(b) You alone are responsible for any applicable taxes, tariffs or other government-imposed charges
relating to the export or import of the lot. If Christie’s exports or imports the lot on your behalf, and if
Christie’s pays these applicable taxes, tariffs or other government-imposed charges, you agree to
refund that amount to Christie’s.
(c) Endangered and protected species
Lots made of or including (regardless of the percentage) endangered and other protected species of
wildlife are marked with the symbol ~in the catalogue. This material includes, among other things,
ivory, tortoiseshell, crocodile skin, rhinoceros horn, whalebone certain species of coral, and Brazilian
rosewood. You should check the relevant customs laws and regulations before bidding on any lot
containing wildlife material if you plan to import the lotinto another country. Several countries
refuse to allow you to import property containing these materials, and some other countries require
a licence from the relevant regulatory agencies in the countries of exportation as well as importation.
In some cases, the lot can only be shipped with an independent scientific confirmation of species
and/or age, and you will need to obtain these at your own cost.
(d) Lots containing Ivory or materials resembling ivory
If a lot contains elephant ivory, or any other wildlife material that could be confused with elephant
ivory (for example, mammoth ivory, walrus ivory, helmeted hornbill ivory) you may be prevented
from exporting the lot from the US or shipping it between US States without first confirming its
species by way of a rigorous scientific test acceptable to the applicable Fish and Wildlife authorities.
You will buy that lot at your own risk and be responsible for any scientific test or other reports
required for export from the USA or between US States at your own cost. We will not be obliged to
cancel your purchase and refund the purchase price if your lot may not be exported, imported or
shipped between US States, or it is seized for any reason by a government authority. It is your
responsibility to determine and satisfy the requirements of any applicable laws or regulations
relating to interstate shipping, export or import of property containing such protected or
regulated material.
(e) Lots of Iranian origin
Some countries prohibit or restrict the purchase, the export and/or import of Iranian-origin “works
of conventional craftsmanship” (works that are not by a recognized artist and/or that have a function,
(for example: carpets, bowls, ewers, tiles, ornamental boxes). For example, the USA prohibits the
import and export of this type of property without a license issued by the US Department of the
Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control. Other countries, such as Canada, only permit the import of
this property in certain circumstances. As a convenience to buyers, Christie’s indicates under the title
of a lotif the lot originates from Iran (Persia). It is your responsibility to ensure you do not bid on or
import a lot in contravention of the sanctions or trade embargoes that apply to you.
(f) Gold
Gold of less than 18ct does not qualify in all countries as ‘gold’ and may be refused import into those
countries as ‘gold’.
(g) Watches
Many of the watches offered for sale in this catalogue are pictured with straps made of endangered or
protected animal materials such as alligator or crocodile. These lots are marked with the symbol Ψin
the catalogue. These endangered species straps are shown for display purposes only and are not for
sale. Christie’s will remove and retain the strap prior to shipment from the sale site. At some sale
sites, Christie’s may, at its discretion, make the displayed endangered species strap available to the
buyer of the lotfree of charge if collected in person from the sale site within 1 year of the date of the
auction. Please check with the department for details on a particular lot.
For all symbols and other markings referred to in paragraph H2, please note that lots are marked as a
convenience to you, but we do not accept liability for errors or for failing to mark lots.
I • OUR LIABILITY TO YOU
(a) We give no warranty in relation to any statement made, or information given, by us or our
representatives or employees, about any lot other than as set out in the authenticity warranty and,
as far as we are allowed by law, all warranties and other terms which may be added to this agreement
by law are excluded. The seller’s warranties contained in paragraph E1 are their own and we do not
have any liability to you in relation to those warranties.
(b) (i) We are not responsible to you for any reason (whether for breaking this agreement or any other
matter relating to your purchase of, or bid for, any lot) other than in the event of fraud or fraudulent
misrepresentation by us or other than as expressly set out in these conditions of sale; or (ii) give any
representation, warranty or guarantee or assume any liability of any kind in respect of any lot with
regard to merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, description, size, quality, condition,
attribution, authenticity, rarity, importance, medium, provenance, exhibition history, literature, or
historical relevance. Except as required by local law, any warrantyof any kind is excluded by this
paragraph.
(c) In particular, please be aware that our written and telephone bidding services, Christie’s LIVE™,
condition reports, currency converter and saleroom video screens are free services and we are not
responsible to you for any error (human or otherwise), omission or breakdown in these services.
(d) We have no responsibility to any person other than a buyer in connection with the purchase of any
lot.
(e) If, in spite of the terms in paragraphs I(a) to (d) or E2(i) above, we are found to be liable to you for
any reason, we shall not have to pay more than the purchase pricepaid by you to us. We will not be
responsible to you for any reason for loss of profits or business, loss of opportunity or value, expected
savings or interest, costs, damages, or expenses.
J • OTHER TERMS
1 • OUR ABILITY TO CANCEL
In addition to the other rights of cancellation contained in this agreement, we can cancel a sale of a lotif :
(i) any of your warranties in paragraph E4 are not correct; (ii) we reasonably believe that completing the
transaction is, or may be, unlawful; or (iii) we reasonably believe that the sale places us or the seller
under any liability to anyone else or may damage our reputation.
2 • RECORDINGS
We may videotape and record proceedings at any auction. We will keep any personal information
confidential, except to the extent disclosure is required by law. However, we may, through this process,
use or share these recordings with another Christie’s Group company and marketing partners to analyse
our customers and to help us to tailor our services for buyers. If you do not want to be videotaped, you
may make arrangements to make a telephone or written bid or bid on Christie’s LIVE™ instead. Unless we
agree otherwise in writing, you may not videotape or record proceedings at any auction.
3 • COPYRIGHT
We own the copyright in all images, illustrations and written material produced by or for us relating to a
lot(including the contents of our catalogues unless otherwise noted in the catalogue). You cannot use
them without our prior written permission. We do not offer any guarantee that you will gain any
copyright or other reproduction rights to the lot.
4 • ENFORCING THIS AGREEMENT
If a court finds that any part of this agreement is not valid or is illegal or impossible to enforce, that part of
the agreement will be treated as being deleted and the rest of this agreement will not be affected.
5 • TRANSFERRING YOUR RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
You may not grant a security over or transfer your rights or responsibilities under these terms on the
contract of sale with the buyer unless we have given our written permission. This agreement will be
binding on your successors or estate and anyone who takes over your rights and responsibilities .
6 • TRANSLATIONS
If we have provided a translation of this agreement, we will use this original version in deciding any
issues or disputes which arise under this agreement.
7 • PERSONAL INFORMATION
We will hold and process your personal information and may pass it to another Christie’s Group
company for use as described in, and in line with, our privacy notice at www.christies.com/aboutus/contact/privacy and if you are a resident of California you can see a copy of our California Consumer
Privacy Act statement at https://www.christies.com/about-us/contact/ccpa.
8 • WAIVER
No failure or delay to exercise any right or remedy provided under these Conditions of Sale shall
constitute a waiver of that or any other right or remedy, nor shall it prevent or restrict the further
exercise of that or any other right or remedy. No single or partial exercise of such right or remedy shall
prevent or restrict the further exercise of that or any other right or remedy.
9 • LAW AND DISPUTES
This agreement, and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with this agreement,
or any other rights you may have relating to the purchase of a lot will be governed by the laws of New
York. Before we or you start any court proceedings (except in the limited circumstances where the
dispute, controversy or claim is related to proceedings brought by someone else and this dispute could be
joined to those proceedings), we agree we will each try to settle the dispute by mediation submitted to
JAMS, or its successor, for mediation in New York. If the Dispute is not settled by mediation within 60
days from the date when mediation is initiated, then the Dispute shall be submitted to JAMS, or its
successor, for final and binding arbitration in accordance with its Comprehensive Arbitration Rules and
Procedures or, if the Dispute involves a non-U.S. party, the JAMS International Arbitration Rules. The seat
of the arbitration shall be New York and the arbitration shall be conducted by one arbitrator, who shall be
appointed within 30 days after the initiation of the arbitration. The language used in the arbitral
proceedings shall be English. The arbitrator shall order the production of documents only upon a showing
that such documents are relevant and material to the outcome of the Dispute. The arbitration shall be
confidential, except to the extent necessary to enforce a judgment or where disclosure is required by law.
The arbitration award shall be final and binding on all parties involved. Judgment upon the award may be
entered by any court having jurisdiction thereof or having jurisdiction over the relevant party or its
assets. This arbitration and any proceedings conducted hereunder shall be governed by Title 9
(Arbitration) of the United States Code and by the United Nations Convention on the Recognition and
Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards of June 10, 1958.
10 • REPORTING ON WWW.CHRISTIES.COM
Details of all lots sold by us, including catalogue descriptions and prices, may be reported on
www.christies.com. Sales totals are hammer price plus buyer’s premium and do not reflect costs,
financing fees, or application of buyer’s or seller’s credits. We regret that we cannot agree to requests to
remove these details from www.christies.com.
K • GLOSSARY
auctioneer:the individual auctioneer and/or Christie’s.
authentic: a genuine example, rather than a copy or forgery of:
(i) the work of a particular artist, author or manufacturer, if the lotis described in the Heading as the
work of that artist, author or manufacturer;
(ii) a work created within a particular period or culture, if the lotis described in the Heading as a work
created during that period or culture;
(iii) a work for a particular origin source if the lotis described in the Heading as being of that origin or
source; or
(iv) in the case of gems, a work which is made of a particular material, if the lot is described in the
Heading as being made of that material.
authenticity warranty:the guarantee we give in this agreement that a lot is authentic as set out in
paragraph E2 of this agreement.
buyer’s premium:the charge the buyer pays us along with the hammer price.
catalogue description: the description of a lotin the catalogue for the auction, as amended by any
saleroom notice.
Christie’s Group: Christie’s International Plc,its subsidiaries and other companies within its corporate
group.
condition: the physical condition of a lot.
due date: has the meaning given to it paragraph F1(a).
estimate:the price range included in the catalogue or any saleroom notice within which we believe a lot
may sell. Lowestimate means the lower figure in the range and high estimate means the higher figure.
The mid estimate is the midpoint between the two.
hammer price:the amount of the highest bid the auctioneer accepts for the sale of a lot.
Heading:has the meaning given to it in paragraph E2.
lot: an item to be offered at auction (or two or more items to be offered at auction as a group).
other damages: any special, consequential, incidental or indirect damages of any kind or any damages
which fall within the meaning of ‘special’, ‘incidental’ or ‘consequential’ under local law.
purchase price:has the meaning given to it in paragraph F1(a).
provenance:the ownership history of a lot.
qualified:has the meaning given to it in paragraph E2 and Qualified Headingsmeans the paragraph
headed Qualified Headingson the page of the catalogue headed ‘Important Notices and Explanation of
Cataloguing Practice’.
reserve:the confidential amount below which we will not sell a lot.
saleroom notice: a written notice posted next to the lot in the saleroom and on www.christies.com,
which is also read to prospective telephone bidders and notified to clients who have left commission bids,
or an announcement made by the auctioneer either at the beginning of the sale, or before a particular lot
is auctioned.
subheading: has the meaning given to it in paragraph E2.
UPPER CASE type: means having all capital letters.
warranty: a statement or representation in which the person making it guarantees that the facts set out
in it are correct.
SYMBOLS USED IN THIS CATALOGUE
The meaning of words coloured in bold in this section can be found at the end of the section of the
catalogue headed ‘Conditions of Sale’.
Christie’s has a direct financial interest in the lot. See Important Notices and Explanation of Cataloguing
Practice. Owned by Christie’s or another Christie’s Group company in whole or part. See Important Notices and
Explanation of Cataloguing Practice. ◆ Christie’s has a direct financial interest in the lot and has funded all or part of our interest with the help
of someone else. See Important Notices and Explanation of Cataloguing Practice. ¤ Bidding by parties with an interest.
• Lot offered without reserve which will be sold to the highest bidder regardless of the pre-sale estimate
in the catalogue.
~ Lotincorporates material from endangered species which could result in export restrictions. See Section
H2(b) of the Conditions of Sale • Buying at Christie’s.
■See Storage and Collection Page.
Lotincorporates material from endangered species that is not for sale and is shown for display purposes
only. See Paragraph H2(g) of the Conditions of Sale.
Please note that lots are marked as a convenience to you and we shall not be liable for any errors in, or
failure to, mark a lot.
IMPORTANT NOTICES AND EXPLANATION OF CATALOGUING
PRACTICE
IMPORTANT NOTICES
Property Owned in part or in full by Christie's
From time to time, Christie’s may offer a lot which it owns in whole or in part. Such property is identified
in the catalogue with the symbol next to its lot number. Where Christie’s has an ownership or financial
interest in every lot in the catalogue, Christie’s will not designate each lot with a symbol, but will state its
interest in the front of the catalogue.
º Minimum Price Guarantees:
On occasion, Christie’s has a direct financial interest in the outcome of the sale of certain lots consigned for
sale. This will usually be where it has guaranteed to the Seller that whatever the outcome of the auction,
the Seller will receive a minimum sale price for the work. This is known as a minimum price guarantee.
Where Christie’s holds such financial interest we identify such lots with the symbol ºnext to the lot number.
º ◆ Third Party Guarantees/Irrevocable bids
Where Christie’s has provided a Minimum Price Guarantee it is at risk of making a loss, which can be
significant, if the lot fails to sell. Christie’s sometimes chooses to share that risk with a third party who
agrees prior to the auction to place an irrevocable written bid on the lot. If there are no other higher bids,
the third party commits to buy the lot at the level of their irrevocable written bid. In doing so, the third
party takes on all or part of the risk of the lot not being sold. Lots which are subject to a third party
guarantee arrangement are identified in the catalogue with the symbol º◆.
In most cases, Christie's compensates the third party in exchange for accepting this risk. Where the third
party is the successful bidder, the third party’s remuneration is based on a fixed financing fee. If the third
party is not the successful bidder, the remuneration may either be based on a fixed fee or an amount
calculated against the final hammer price. The third party may continue to bid for the lot above the
irrevocable written bid. Where the third party is the successful bidder, Christie’s will report the purchase
price net of the fixed financing fee.
Third party guarantors are required by us to disclose to anyone they are advising their financial interest in
any lots they are guaranteeing. However, for the avoidance of any doubt, if you are advised by or bidding
through an agent on a lotidentified as being subject to a third party guarantee you should always ask your
agent to confirm whether or not he or she has a financial interest in relation to the lot. ¤ Bidding by interested parties
When a party with a direct or indirect interest in the lot who may have knowledge of the lot’s reserve or
other material information may be bidding on the lot, we will mark the lot with this symbol ¤. This interest
can include beneficiaries of an estate that consigned the lot or a joint owner of a lot. Any interested party
that successfully bids on a lot must comply with Christie’s Conditions of Sale, including paying the lot’s full
Buyer’s premium plus applicable taxes.
Post-catalogue notifications
In certain instances, after the catalogue has been published, Christie’s may enter into an arrangement or
become aware of bidding that would have required a catalogue symbol. In those instances, a pre-sale or
pre-lot announcement will be made.
Other Arrangements
Christie’s may enter into other arrangements not involving bids. These include arrangements where
Christie’s has made loans or advanced money to consignors or prospective purchasers or where Christie’s
has shared the risk of a guarantee with a partner without the partner being required to place an irrevocable
written bid or otherwise participating in the bidding on the lot. Because such arrangements are unrelated
to the bidding process they are not marked with a symbol in the catalogue.
EXPLANATION OF CATALOGUING PRACTICE
Terms used in a catalogue or lot description have the meanings ascribed to them below. Please note that
all statements in a catalogue or lot description as to authorship are made subject to the provisions of the
Conditions of Sale, including the authenticity warranty. Our use of these expressions does not take
account of the condition of the lot or of the extent of any restoration. Written condition reports are
usually available on request.
A term and its definition listed under ‘QualifiedHeadings’ is a qualifiedstatement as to authorship.
While the use of this term is based upon careful study and represents the opinion of specialists, Christie’s
and the consignor assume no risk, liability and responsibility for the authenticity of authorship of any lot
in this catalogue described by this term, and the authenticity warranty shall not be available with
respect to lots described using this term.
PICTURES, DRAWINGS, PRINTS AND MINIATURES
Name(s) or Recognised Designation of an artist without any qualification: in Christie’s opinion a work by
the artist.
QUALIFIED HEADINGS
“Attributed to …”: in Christie’s qualifiedopinion probably a work by the artist in whole or in part.
“Studio of …”/“Workshop of …”: in Christie’s qualifiedopinion a work executed in the studio or workshop
of the artist, possibly under his supervision.
“Circle of …”: in Christie’s qualified opinion a work of the period of the artist and showing his influence.
“Follower of… ”: in Christie’s qualified opinion a work executed in the artist’s style but not necessarily by
a pupil.
“Manner of… ”: in Christie’s qualified opinion a work executed in the artist’s style but of a later date.
“After …”: in Christie’s qualified opinion a copy (of any date) of a work of the artist.
“Signed …”/“Dated …”/ “Inscribed …”: in Christie’s qualified opinion the work has been
signed/dated/inscribed by the artist.
“With signature …”/“With date …”/ “With inscription …”: in Christie’s qualified opinion the signature/
date/inscription appears to be by a hand other than that of the artist.
The date given for Old Master, Modern and Contemporary Prints is the date (or approximate date when
prefixed with ‘circa’) on which the matrix was worked and not necessarily the date when the impression
was printed or published.
CHINESE CERAMICS AND WORKS OF ART
When a piece is, in Christie’s opinion, of a certain period, reign or dynasty, its attribution appears in
uppercase letters directly below the Heading of the description of the lot.
e.g. A BLUE AND WHITE BOWL
18TH CENTURY
If the date, period or reign mark mentioned in uppercase letters after the bold type first line states that
the mark is of the period, then in Christie’s opinion, the piece is of the date, period or reign of the mark.
e.g. A BLUE AND WHITE BOWL
KANGXI SIX-CHARACTER MARK IN UNDERGLAZE BLUE AND OF THE PERIOD (1662-1722)
If no date, period or reign mark is mentioned in uppercase letters after the bold description, in Christie’s
opinion it is of uncertain date or late manufacture.
e.g. A BLUE AND WHITE BOWL
QUALIFIED HEADINGS
When a piece is, in Christie’s opinion, not of the period to which it would normally be attributed on
stylistic grounds, this will be incorporated into the first line or the body of the text of the description.
e.g. A BLUE AND WHITE MING-STYLE BOWL; or
The Ming-style bowl is decorated with lotus scrolls…
In Christie’s qualified opinion this object most probably dates from Kangxi period but there remains the
possibility that it may be dated differently.
e.g. KANGXI SIX-CHARACTER MARK IN UNDERGLAZE BLUE AND PROBABLY OF THE PERIOD
In Christie’s qualified opinion, this object could be dated to the Kangxi period but there is a strong
element of doubt.
e.g. KANGXI SIX-CHARACTER MARK IN UNDERGLAZE BLUE AND POSSIBLY OF THE PERIOD
JEWELLERY
“Boucheron”: when maker’s name appears in the title, in Christie’s opinion it is by that maker.
“Mount by Boucheron”: in Christie’s opinion the setting has been created by the jeweller using stones
originally supplied by the jeweller’s client.
QUALIFIED HEADINGS
“Signed Boucheron / Signature Boucheron”: in Christie’s qualified opinion has a signature by the
jeweller.
“With maker’s mark for Boucheron”: in Christie’s qualified opinion has a mark denoting the maker.
Periods
Art Nouveau 1895-1910
Belle Epoque 1895-1914
Art Deco 1915-1935
Retro 1940s
FABERGÉ
QUALIFIED HEADINGS
“Marked Fabergé, Workmaster …”: in Christie’s qualifiedopinion a work of the master’s workshop
inscribed with his name or initials and his workmaster’s initials.
“By Fabergé …”: in Christie’s qualified opinion, a work of the master’s workshop, but without his mark.
“In the style of …”: in Christie’s qualifiedopinion a work of the period of the master and closely related to
his style.
“Bearing marks …”: in Christie’s qualified opinion not a work of the master’s workshop and bearing later
marks.
HANDBAGS
Condition Reports
The condition of lots sold in our auctions can vary widely due to factors such as age, previous damage,
restoration, repair and wear and tear. Condition reports and grades are provided free of charge as a
courtesy and convenience to our buyers and are for guidance only. They offer our honest opinion but they
may not refer to all faults, restoration, alteration or adaptation. They are not an alternative to examining a
lotin person or taking your own professional advice. Lots are sold “as is,” in the condition they are in at
the time of the sale, without any representation or warranty as to condition by Christie’s or by the seller.
Grades in Condition Reports
We provide a general, numeric condition grade to help with overall condition guidance. Please review the
specific condition report and extra images for each lot before bidding.
Grade 1: this item exhibits no signs of use or wear and could be considered as new. There are no flaws.
Original packaging and protective plastic are likely intact as noted in the lot description.
Grade 2: this item exhibits minor flaws and could be considered nearly brand new. It may never have
been used, or may have been used a few times. There are only minor condition notes, which can be found
in the specific condition report.
Grade 3: this item exhibits visible signs of use. Any signs of use or wear are minor. This item is in good
condition.
Grade 4: this item exhibits wear from frequent use. This item either has light overall wear or small areas
of heavy wear. The item is considered to be in fair condition.
Grade 5: this item exhibits normal wear and tear from regular or heavy use. The item is in good, usable
condition but it does have condition notes.
Grade 6: this item is damaged and requires repair. It is considered in fair condition.
Any reference to condition in a catalogue entry will not amount to a full description of condition, and
images may not show the condition of a lot clearly. Colours and shades may look different in print or on
screen to how they look in real life. It is your responsibility to ensure that you have received and
considered any condition report and grading.
References to “HARDWARE”
Where used in this catalogue the term “hardware” refers to the metallic parts of the bag, such as the
buckle hardware, base studs, lock and keys and /or strap, which are plated with a coloured finish (e.g.
gold, silver, palladium). The terms “Gold Hardware”, “Silver Hardware”, “Palladium Hardware” etc. refer
to the tone or colour of the hardware and not the actual material used. If the bag incorporates solid metal
hardware this will be referenced in the lot description.
POST 1950 FURNITURE
All items of post-1950 furniture included in this sale are items either not originally supplied for use in a
private home or sold as collector’s items. These items may not comply with the provisions of the
Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988 (as amended in 1989, 1993 and 2010, the
“Regulations”). Accordingly, these items should not be used as furniture in your home in their current
condition. If you do intend to use such items for this purpose, you must first ensure that they are
reupholstered, restuffed and/or recovered (as appropriate) in order that they comply with the provisions
of the Regulations.
APPENDIX A
ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS OF SALE – NON-FUNGIBLE TOKENS
A. THE SELLER
1. For the purposes of an NFTauction, the seller is the party who owns the lot at the time the sale
is completed. In most circumstances, the seller’s identity will not be disclosed by Christie’s.
Christie’s will be selling that lot as the agent of the seller. This means that Christie’s is
providing services to the seller to help them sell their lot and that Christie’s is concluding the
contract for the saleofthe lot onbehalf of the seller.
2. When Christie’s is the agent of the seller, the contract of sale which is created by any successful
bid for a lot will be directly between you and the seller, and not between you and Christie’s.
Even though the sale is by Christie’s on behalf of the seller, Christie’s gives certain
undertakings to you directly. These are further described below in these Conditions of Sale.
B. BEFORE THESALE
1. Description oflots
(a) Certain words used in the Sale Particulars to describe a lot have special meanings. You can
find details of these in the “Important Notices and Explanation of Cataloguing Practice” which
forms part of these Conditions of Sale in paragraph K. You can find a key to symbols used
in the Sale Particulars under the headings “VAT Symbols, Explanation and Refunds” in
paragraph I and “Symbols” in paragraph J.
(b) Our description of a lot may specify certain information, including: the smart contract
address; the NFT Token ID: the blockchain on which the NFT is stored; the server or
network on which the digital asset is stored; and the NFT metadata. You should review
and confirm this information. We do not carry out any in-depth technical analysis of this
information nor do we warrant its accuracy or completeness.
(c) Our description of any lot and any other statement made by us (whether orally or in
writing) about any lot, including about its nature or condition, provenance, technical
details, NFT metadata, security or integrity are our opinion and not to be relied on as a
statement of fact. We do not carry out any in-depth technical analysis of any lot nor do we
warrant its accuracy or completeness.
(d) Our description of any digital asset, and any other statement made by us (whether orally
or in writing) about any digital asset including about its nature or condition, artist,
provenance, technical details, security or integrity are our opinion and not to be relied on
as a statement of fact. We do not carry out any in-depth technical analysis of any digital
asset nor do we warrant its accuracy or completeness.
2. Our responsibilityfor our description oflots
Lots are sold “as is” and we do not provide any guarantee in relation to the nature of a lot, and the
fact that a lot may be stored on a blockchain should also not be interpreted as, or deemed to be,
any guarantee.
3. Estimates
Estimates are based on the scarcity, quality and provenance of the lot, on whether the NFT
includes any ongoing NFT paymentsto any party including the seller, and on prices recently
paid at auction for similar property. Estimates can change. Neither you, nor anyone else, may
rely on any estimate as a prediction or guarantee of the actual selling price of a lot or its value
for any other purposes. Estimates do not include any buyer's premium or any applicable taxes
or charges.
C. REGISTERING TO BID
1. Digital Wallet Requirements
Certain auctions may require that if you bid in a cryptocurrency approved by Christie’s, you
have a digital wallet with a provider that we specify. If you do not have such a digital wallet,
we may refuse to register you to bid or permit your participation in the sale and if you make a
successful bid, wewill have the right, in our sole discretion, to cancel the contract for salebetween
you and the seller.
D. CHARGES TO YOU - TAXES, ONGOING NFT PAYMENTS
1. Taxes
For the sale of each lot, Christie's will determine whether any applicable tax may be required
to be collected from the successful bidder in accordance with applicable law, including without
limitation any sales or compensating use tax or their equivalent. Depending upon applicable law,
an NFTwill generally be deemed to be delivered to the successful bidder at the location of their
tax domicile or, to the extent it can be determined, the location of the digital asset, unless
otherwise agreed by Christie's, with the resulting tax (if any) determined by the applicable tax
rates and rules in that jurisdiction.
If you are the successful bidder, you are responsible for all applicable tax including any VAT, sales
or compensating use tax or equivalent tax wherever such taxes may arise on the hammer price
and the buyer’s premium. VAT charges and refunds depend on your particular circumstances.
It is your responsibility to ascertain and pay all taxes due. VAT is payable on the buyer’s
premium and, for some lots, VAT is payable on the hammer price. Further information can be
found in the ‘VAT Symbols, Explanation and Refunds’ section at paragraph I.
The successful bidder is responsible for any applicable taxes including any sales or use tax or
equivalent tax wherever such taxes may arise on the hammer price, the buyer’s premium,
and/or any other charges related to the lot. In addition, in the event that your payment is made
in cryptocurrency, you will be responsible for any income or other tax arising from your
disposition of such cryptocurrency.
If Christie's delivers the lot to an agent inNew York that you have hired, New York law considers
the lot delivered to the successful bidder in New York and New York sales tax must be imposed
regardless of your tax domicile. In this circumstance, New York sales tax will apply to the lot even
if Christie’s subsequently delivers the lot to a successful bidder with a tax domicile outside of
New York.
Successful bidders claiming an exemption from sales tax must provide appropriate
documentation to Christie’s prior to the release of the lot or within 90 days after the sale,
whichever is earlier. For deliveries to buyers in those US states for which Christie’s is not
required to collect sales tax, a successful bidder may have a use or similar tax obligation.
Christie's recommends you consult your own independent tax advisor with any questions.
2. Ongoing NFT Payments
You alone are responsible for determining whether there are any ongoing NFT payments,
including any automated fees, commissions or royalties, in the NFTsmart contract, which may
be due by you to the seller or other third party upon a subsequent transfer of the lot by you to a
third party, and by purchasers of the NFT going forward. Christie’s is not responsible to you for
any reason in connection with any ongoing NFT payments, including for making any disclosures
to you in connection therewith. Ongoing NFT payments that are triggered by the sale itself are
deducted from the proceeds of sale.
E. WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY
1. Seller’s Warranties
(a) For each lot, the seller givesawarranty thatthe seller:
(i) is the owner of the lot or a joint owner of the lot acting with the permission of the other
co-owners or, if the seller is not the owner or joint-owner of the lot, has the permission
of the owner to sell the lot, or the right to do so in law;
(ii) has the right to transfer ownership of the lot to you without any restrictions or claims
by anyone else, subject to any ongoing NFT payment that may be included in the NFT;
(b) If any of the above warranties are incorrect, the seller shall not have to pay more than the
purchase price (as described in paragraph F1(b) below) paid by you to us. The seller will
not be responsible to you for any reason for loss of profits or business, expected savings,
loss of opportunity or interest, costs, other damages or expenses. The seller gives no
warranty in relation to any lot other than as set out above and, as far as the seller is allowed
by law, all warranties from the seller to you, and all other obligations upon the seller
which may be added to these Conditions of Sale by law, areexcluded.
2. Your Warranties
(a) You warrant that the funds used for settlement are not connected with any criminal activity,
including tax evasion, and you are neither under investigation, nor have you been charged with
or convicted of money laundering, terrorist activities or othercrimes.
(b) where you arebidding onbehalfofanotherperson,youwarrantthat:
(i) you have conducted appropriate customer due diligence ontheultimatebuyer(s) ofthe
lot(s) inaccordancewith all applicable anti-money laundering and sanctions laws, consent
to us relying on this due diligence, and you will retain for a period of not less than 5 years
the documentation evidencing the due diligence. You will make such documentation
promptly available for immediate inspection by an independent third-party auditorupon
ourwrittenrequestto doso;
(ii) the arrangements between you and the ultimate buyer(s) in relation to the lot or otherwise
do not, in wholeor in part, facilitate tax crimes;
(iii) you do not know, and have no reason to suspect, that the funds used for settlement are
connected with, the proceeds of any criminal activity, including tax evasion, or that the
ultimate buyer(s) are under investigation, or have been charged with or convicted of
money laundering, terrorist activities or other crimes.
3. Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability
(a) EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPH E1, THE SELLER MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTY,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ORAL OR WRITTEN, WITH RESPECT TO THE LOT OR THE
DIGITAL ASSET, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, EACH OF WHICH IS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMED.
THE CHRISTIE’S GROUP MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ORAL OR
WRITTEN, WITH RESPECT TO THE LOT, THE DIGITAL ASSET, INCLUDING ANY
WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, TECHNICAL
OPERATION OR PERFORMANCE, DESCRIPTION, SIZE, QUALITY (INCLUDING A DIGITAL
ASSET’S DIGITAL DISPLAY), CONDITION, ATTRIBUTION, AUTHENTICITY, SCARCITY,
IMPORTANCE, MEDIUM, PROVENANCE, EXHIBITION HISTORY, OR ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, EACH
OF WHICH IS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMED. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPH E1,
EACH LOT AND DIGITAL ASSET IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" AND "AS AVAILABLE"
BASIS WITHOUT WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPH
E1 AND AS IS REQUIRED BY LOCAL LAW, ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND IS EXCLUDED
BY THISPARAGRAPH.
(b) We are not responsible to you for any reason(whether forbreaching theseConditions of
Sale or any othermatter relating to your purchase of, or bid for, any lot) other than in the
event of fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation by us or other than as expressly set out in
these Conditions ofSale.
(c) We are not responsible to you for any reason to give any representation, warranty, or
guarantee, or assume any liability of any kind in respect of any lot or digital asset. We
cannot and do not represent, warrant, or guarantee that: (i) any lot or digital asset is
error-free, meets your requirements, or that errors or defects in the lot or digital asset
can or will be corrected; or (ii) the lot or the delivery mechanism for the lot is free of
viruses or other harmful components. We cannot and do not represent, warrant, or
guarantee the persistence, security, stability, integrity or continued existence of any
digital asset.
(d) We have no responsibility to any person other than a buyer in connection with the purchase
of any lot.
(e) If we are found to be liable to you for any reason, we shall not have to pay more than the
buyer’s premium on the lot paid by you to us. We will not be responsible to you for any
reason for any other damages or expenses.
(f) TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW: IN NO EVENT WILL
CHRISTIE’S OR ANY CHRISTIE’S GROUP COMPANY BE LIABLE FOR (I) ANY INDIRECT,
SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES OF ANY KIND
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, WHERE RELATED TO LOSS OF REVENUE,
INCOME OR PROFITS, LOSS OF USE OR DATA, OR DAMAGES FOR BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION); (II) ANY DAMAGES ARISING FROM FAILURE TO TRANSFER THE
LOT DUE TO SELLER OR BUYER ERROR SUCH AS FORGOTTEN PASSWORDS,
MISTYPED ADDRESSES OR INCORRECTLY CONSTRUCTED TRANSACTIONS,
INCORRECTLY PROGRAMMED NFTS, MINING ATTACKS, CYBERSECURITY ATTACKS,
WEAKNESSES IN CHRISTIE’S SECURITY, BLOCKCHAIN MALFUNCTIONS OR OTHER
TECHNICAL ERRORS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS FAILURE, UNFAVOURABLE
REGULATORY DETERMINATIONS OR ACTIONS IN ONE OR MORE JURISDICTIONS
(INCLUDING WITH RESPECT TO NFTS OR CRYPTOCURRENCIES), TAXATION OF NFTS
OR CRYPTOCURRENCIES, PERSONAL INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, UNINSURED
LOSSES, UNANTICIPATED RISKS, VOLATILITY RISKS, SERVER FAILURE OR DATA
LOSS, CORRUPTED OR OTHERWISE INACCESSIBLE DIGITAL WALLETS,
UNAUTHORISED ACCESS TO APPLICATIONS, INABILITY TO ACCESS OR TRANSFER
THE NFT, INABILITY TO ACCESS OR DISPLAY THE DIGITAL ASSET, RISKS ARISING
FROM THIRD-PARTY PROVIDERS, INCLUDING THIRD-PARTY PROVIDERS THAT MAY
MINT THE NFT AND/OR STORE THE NFT OR THE DIGITAL ASSET; AND (III) ANY
DAMAGES ARISING FROM ANY UNAUTHORISED THIRD PARTY ACTIVITIES,
INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE INTRODUCTION OF VIRUSES OR OTHER
MALICIOUS CODE, THE USE OF PHISHING, SYBIL ATTACKS, 51% ATTACKS,
BRUTEFORCING, CHANGES TO THE PROTOCOL RULES OF THE BLOCKCHAIN (I.E.
“FORKS”) OR OTHER MEANS OF ATTACK THAT AFFECT, IN ANY WAY, THE NFT OR
DIGITAL ASSET; IN EACH CASE OF (I) – (III) ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY
RELATED TO THE SALE OR USE OF LOTS, NFTS OR DIGITAL ASSETS OR OTHERWISE
RELATED TO THESE CONDITIONS OF SALE, REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION,
WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, SIMPLE
NEGLIGENCE, WHETHER ACTIVE, PASSIVE OR IMPUTED), OR ANY OTHER LEGAL OR
EQUITABLE THEORY (EVEN IF THE PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
OF SUCH DAMAGES AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER SUCH DAMAGES WERE
FORESEEABLE).
(g) IN NO EVENT WILL THE AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF CHRISTIE’S AND CHRISTIE’S
AFFILIATES (JOINTLY), WHETHER IN CONTRACT, WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE, WHETHER ACTIVE, PASSIVE OR IMPUTED), OR OTHER THEORY,
ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THESE TERMS OR THE OWNERSHIP OF THE LOTS,
EXCEED THE BUYER’S PREMIUM AMOUNT YOU PAY TO CHRISTIE’S FOR THE LOTS.
(h) THE LIMITATIONS SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION WILL NOT LIMIT OR EXCLUDE
LIABILITY FOR THE GROSS NEGLIGENCE, FRAUD OR INTENTIONAL, WILLFUL OR
RECKLESS MISCONDUCT OF CHRISTIE’S.
(i) Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of certain warranties, disclaimer of implied
terms, or limitations or exclusions of liability for incidental or consequential damages in
contracts with consumers. As a result, some or all of the exclusions of warranties,
disclaimers, and limitations or exclusions of liability in this section may not apply to certain
purchasers.
4. Buyer’s Acknowledgements and Representations for NFTs
(a) You acknowledge that your purchase of the lot means you have full ownership rights in
the NFT itself, including the right to store, sell and transfer your NFT. Your purchase of
the lot does not provide any rights, express or implied, in (including, without limitation,
any copyrights or other intellectual property rights in and to) the digital asset underlying
the NFT other than the right to use, copy, and display the digital asset for your own
personal, non-commercial use or in connection with a proposed sale or transfer of the NFT
and any other right expressly contained in these Conditions of Sale. For the avoidance of
doubt, you do not have the right to distribute, or otherwise commercialize the digital asset
without the prior authorization of the seller or the party(ies) that holds such rights. Your
rights and interest in the digital asset or NFT provided by these Conditions of Sale will
immediately terminate upon any subsequent sale, transfer, dispossession, burning or
other relinquishment of the NFT.
(b) You understand and accept that NFTs are minted by third parties unaffiliated with
Christie’s, and not by Christie’s itself or on Christie’s behalf.
(c) You acknowledge and agree that there are risks associated with purchasing, holding, and using
NFTs. By purchasing, holding and using an NFT, you expressly acknowledge and assume all
risks including, but not limited to: seller or buyer user error such as forgotten passwords,
mistyped addresses, incorrectly constructed transactions, incorrectly programmed NFTs,
mining attacks, cybersecurity attacks, weaknesses in Christie’s security; blockchain
malfunctions or other technical errors, telecommunications failure, malicious software,
unfavourable regulatory determinations or actions in one or more jurisdictions (including
with respect to NFTs or cryptocurrencies), taxation of NFTs or cryptocurrencies, personal
information disclosure, uninsured losses, unanticipated risks, volatility risks, server failure or
data loss, corrupted or otherwise inaccessible digital wallets, unauthorised access to
applications , inability to access or transfer the NFT, inability to access or display the digital
asset, risks arising from third-party providers, including third-party providers that may mint
the NFT and/or store the digital asset, and any unauthorised third party activities, including
without limitation the introduction use of viruses or other malicious code, the use of phishing,
sybil attacks, 51% attacks, bruteforcing, changes to the protocol rules of the blockchain (i.e.
“forks”), or other means of attack that affect, in any way, the NFT or digital asset. If you have
any questions regarding these risks, please contact us atinfo@christies.com.
(d) You acknowledge that you have a sufficient understanding of the functionality, usage, storage,
transmission mechanisms and other material characteristics of, blockchain technology, NFTs,
digital assets, digital wallets, and cryptocurrencies to understand these Conditions of Sale
and to appreciate the risks and implications of purchasing NFTs. You acknowledge that you
have obtained sufficient information to make an informed decision to purchase an NFT,
including reviewing the code of the smart contract, the NFT metadata,and the NFT, as well
as the storage system used for the digital asset and fully understand and accept the functions
of the same. By making a payment with Ether or other cryptocurrency, you (i) warrant that
you are the lawful holder of the Ether or other cryptocurrency; and (ii) acknowledge that
Christie’s has no liability for your payment not reaching us, including, but not limited to,
instances where payment through the blockchain is unsuccessful. It is solely your
responsibility to confirm with Christie’s and if applicable, your third-party wallet provider,
that the payment has been accepted.
(e) You acknowledge that we do not guarantee that you will be able to receive, access or view the
lot and/or digital asset. We do not provide any application, or other service to enable you to
view, receive, access or view the lot and/or digital asset, and that it is your responsibility to
procure a digital wallet or other means to allow us or the seller to transfer the lotto you and
for you to access or view the digital assetupon such transfer.
(f) You acknowledge and represent that there is substantial uncertainty as to the characterization
of NFTs and other digital assets under applicable law. You acknowledge that your purchase of
an NFTcomplies with applicable laws and regulation in your jurisdiction.
(g) You acknowledge and represent that you are bidding as principal and not on behalf of anyone
else.
F. PAYMENT
1. Purchase Price and How toPay
(a) Within 24 hours of the close of the auction, we will issue an invoice to you. You must pay the
purchase price no later than 24 hours after the invoice is sent by us to you, or if later, the
time specified in the SaleParticulars ( the “due date”).
(b) The purchase price is the total of the following amounts:
(i) the hammer price and the buyer’s premium; and
(ii) any applicable duties, goods, sales use, compensating or service tax orVAT.
(c) We will only accept payment from the registered bidder. Once issued, we cannot change
the buyer’s name on an invoice or re-issue the invoice in a different name.
(d) Subject to paragraph F1(f), you may either pay for a lot in the currency of the sale or by a
cryptocurrency permitted by us. The invoice will set forth the purchase price in the currency of
the sale and where permitted by us, a specified cryptocurrency. Partial payment in
cryptocurrency is not permitted. Where the purchase price is payable in a specified
cryptocurrency, the invoice will include both the amount due in the currency of the sale as well as
a cryptocurrency amount. The cryptocurrency amount will be calculated by us based on the most
recent published CME CF Ether-Dollar Reference Rate (BRR and ETHUSD_RR) index rate as
determined by us, and will be disclosed in the invoice. The amount of cryptocurrency specified in
the invoice is the amount of cryptocurrency that must be paid to us if that is the payment option
you select regardless of whether the conversion rate at the time of auction or when you pay the
invoice or at any other time is different.
(e) You must pay for any lot bought at Christie’s by a permitted credit or debit card in your
name, by bank transfer, or where permitted by us through the transfer of cryptocurrency.
(f) Any payment made in cryptocurrency must be made within 24 hours of the issuance of the
invoice set forth in paragraph F1(d). After the expiry of the 24 hour window, you may only
make the payment in the currency of the sale.
2. Payment Method -Credit and Debit CardCharges
(a) Please note that if you pay for your purchase using a credit card issued outside the region of
the sale, depending on the type of card and account you hold, the payment may incur a crossborder transaction fee. If you think this may apply to you, please check with your card
supplier before proceeding to check-out.
(b) We will only accept debit or credit cards with a MasterCard, Visa, American Express or China
Union Pay logo (if the China Union Pay credit card has a Visa or MasterCard logo). If you
registered and bid as a company, your company will need to pay for any purchases via a
debit or credit card issued to the company account. Partial payment of a lot, or payment
across multiple debit or credit cards for a single lot, will not be allowed. If you purchase
multiple lots, you may purchase one lot with one credit card and another lot with a
different credit card but youwillneed to go through two separate check-outs.
(c) Payment information for payments via credit or debit card is collected and processed
directly by a third party service provider (“Payment Service Provider”) and not by
Christie’s. Please see paragraph H8(b) for further details. Christie’s does not have access
to, or retain any credit cardinformation.
(d) By making a payment via credit or debit card, you: (i) warrant that you are the cardholder;
and (ii) acknowledge that Christie’s has no liability for your payment not reaching us
where, for example payment is refused or declined by your card supplier. It is your
responsibility to check with Christie’s and/or your card supplier that the payment has
beenaccepted.
3. Payment Method – Cryptocurrency
(a) If specified in the sale, you may make the full payment in a cryptocurrency permitted by us in
which case you must pay for the purchase price via a digital wallet transfer of
cryptocurrency to Christie’s. Any payment made in cryptocurrency mustbe made with 24
hours of the invoice set forth in paragraph F(1)(d)
(b) You must send payment from a digital wallet maintained with one of the following digital
wallet providers: Coinbase Custody Trust; Coinbase, Inc.; Fidelity Digital Assets Services,
LLC; Gemini Trust Company, LLC; or Paxos Trust Company, LLC. Only cryptocurrency
payments sent from digital walletshosted by one of these providers will be credited
towards a lot purchase, and for clarity, we will not recognize payments from digital wallets
hosted by other providers, or from self-hosted digital wallets.
(c) You must be the owner of the digital wallet, or, if you registered a bid as a company, then
the company must be the owner. You agree, upon our request, to provide documentation
confirming that the cryptocurrency payment was made from a digital wallet owned by you
and maintained by one of the providers listed above. Partial payments of a lotfrom multiple
digital wallets will not be allowed. If you purchase multiple lots, you may purchase one lot
with payment from one digital wallet and another lot with payment from a different digital
wallet but this must be accomplished through two separate transactions. “Ownership” of a
digital wallet means either you hold or have held on your behalf, or the company on whose
behalf you are bidding holds, or has held on its behalf, the private keys associated with that
digital wallet or that the provider of the digital wallet recognizes you or the company on
whosebehalf you are bidding as owning the cryptocurrency associated with that digital
wallet.
(d) If you make payment in cryptocurrency from a digital wallet, you represent that the source
of wealth for the digital wallet is not attributable, either directly or indirectly, to (i) a citizen
or resident of, or located in, a geographic area that is the target of sanctions or embargoes
imposed by the European Union, the United Kingdom, the United Nations or the United
States or (ii) an individual, or an individual employed by or associated with an entity,
identified on the US Department of Commerce’s Denied Persons or Entity List, the US
Department of Treasury’s Specially Designated Nationals or Blocked Persons Lists, or the US
Department of State’s Debarred Parties List, or similar lists promulgated by the government
of the European Union, the United Kingdom, or the United Nations.
(e) Please contact Christie’s Client Services for any questions relating to payments.
4. Transferring Ownership toYou
(a) You will not own the lot and ownership of the lot will not pass to you until: (i) we have
confirmed that you have met all bidder identification and registration procedures; (ii) we
have received full, clear and undisputed payment of all amounts due, even in
circumstances where wehave already transferred the lot to you; and (iii) you have
received the lot in the digital wallet that you have specified.
(b) If you have purchased a lot, then the seller will transfer the NFTto you after you have
met the conditions in paragraph F4(a). The seller will transfer the NFT only to a digital
wallet owned by you and that supports the NFTand you understand and accept that
failure to ensure this may result in an inability to receive, transfer or access your NFT. If
you bid on behalf of a company, then the digital wallet used to accept the NFTmust be
owned by the company. You agree that we may provide your digital walletinformation
to the seller in order to execute the transfer.
(c) If you have purchased a lot, you represent that the digital wallet to which Christie’s will
transfer the NFT, is not owned by or associated with (i) a citizen or resident of, or located
in, a geographic area that is the target of sanctions or embargoes imposed by the
European Union, the United Kingdom, the United Nations or the United States or (ii) an
individual, or an individual employed by or associated with an entity, identified on the US
Department of Commerce’s Denied Persons or Entity List, the US Department of
Treasury’s Specially Designated Nationals or Blocked Persons Lists, or the US
Department of State’s Debarred Parties List, or similar lists promulgated by the
government of the European Union, the United Kingdom, or the United Nations.
5. Transferring risk toyou
(a) The risk in and responsibility for the lot will transfer to you once the lotis received in the
digital wallet that you have specified, which time may be determined at Christie’s
discretion, including through observation of the transfer on the blockchain on which the
NFTis stored.
(b) You are responsible for implementing reasonable measures for securing the digital
wallet or other storage mechanism you use to receive and hold the NFT, including any
requisite private key(s) or other credentials necessary to access such storage
mechanism(s), and further you specifically acknowledge that the risk of acquiring the
NFT from the seller, transferring the NFTto others, and holding or using the NFTor your
digital wallet rests entirely with you. If your private key(s) or other access credentials
are lost, you may lose access to your NFT. We are not responsible for any such losses,
including, but not limited to, losses arising from third-party service providers.
(c) We are not responsible if the digital assetbecomes inaccessible to you for any reason, or
for any modifications or changes to the digital asset, including the digital assetbeing
deleted. You acknowledge that the artist or any third party could make additional copies
of, and distribute, the digital asset, and could sell or otherwise assign the copyright or
other intellectual property rights or economic rights in the digital asset.
(d) We are not responsible for any uses you make of the NFTor for any future transfers you
make of the NFT.
G. GLOSSARY
artist: the individual or entity that created the digital asset.
auctioneer: the individual auctioneer and/or Christie’s.
authentic: with respect to a digital asset, that the digital asset was directly created by the
purported artist of the digital asset, and is not a copy of another file or digital asset by another
third party.
Authorised User: an individual authorized to execute transactions on behalf of an entity which has
a registered transactional account.
blockchain: a distributed digital ledger of transactions maintained by a distributed peer-to-peer
computer network that cryptographically validates transactions and records such transactions on the
ledger.
buyer’s premium: the charge the buyer pays us along with the hammer price.
Christie’s: means Christie’s Inc., which is offering to sell a lot either as agent for the seller or as
the owner of the lot. Christie’s Group: Christie’s International Plc, its subsidiaries and other
companies within its corporate group.
Conditions of Sale: the Conditions of Sale set out above; Important Information, our Explanation
of Cataloguing Practice; the explanation of symbols used in the Sale Particulars; and the
explanation of the application of VAT or other similar applicable sales taxes.
digital asset: the digital work which the NFTidentifies, and with which the NFTis associated.
digital wallet: a custodial or hosted software-based device, program, service, or hardware, that
allows the owner to receive, store and transfer digital assets, including but not limited to,
cryptocurrencies and NFTs, on a blockchain.
digital wallet address: a unique alphanumeric string of characters that is associated with and
represents the on-chain address for a digital wallet.
due date: has the meaning given to it paragraph F1(a).
estimate:theprice range includedinthe Sale Particulars withinwhichwebelieve a lot may sell;
lowestimate means the lower figure in the range and high estimate means the higher figure; the
mid-estimate is the midpoint between the two.
hammer price: the amount of the highest bid for the sale of a lot via auction.
lot: an NFT to be offered for sale at an auction (or two or more NFTs to be offered for sale as a
group).
lot description: the description of a lot in the Sale Particulars for the sale, as amended by any
notice given to you during the auction.
mint: to generate an NFTfor a digital asset on a blockchain.
NFT (or non-fungible token): a unique digital certificate that identifies (including through a
pointer to, or hash of, the digital asset(s)) and is associated with one or more digital assets, which
is held and transferred on a blockchain and provides the owner with certain rights to the digital
asset(s).
NFT metadata: information included within the NFTthat includes at least: the name of the digital
asset; a description of the digital asset; and the location of where the digital asset is stored or a
hash of the digital asset itself (such as a content identifier).
ongoing NFT payments: any payments made in connection with the sale and any future payments,
in each case that may be configured or programmed into the NFT smart contract, including any
payments that are triggered when the NFT is transferred from one digital wallet address to
another digital wallet address.
other damages: : any special, consequential, incidental or indirect damages of any kind or any
damages which fall within the meaning of ‘special’, ‘incidental’ or ‘consequential’ under local law
owner: with respect to an NFT, the individual or entity that has the private key to the digital wallet
that controls the ability to store or transfer the NFT.
proceeds of sale: in relation to a lot, the hammer price less all seller's commission (i.e., a
percentage of the property’s hammer price), sale expenses (i.e., expenses incurred by us in
connection with the auction, if applicable) and any other amounts owed to us under this agreement
(if any).
provenance: the ownership history of a lot or digital asset, as applicable.
purchase price: has the meaning given to it in paragraph F1(b).
reserve: the confidential amount below which we will not sell a lot.
Sale Particulars: the lot information (the description of the lot or lots offered for sale together
with other information on the sale website relating to a lot and the conduct of the sale); lot notes;
payment information; any on- screen notices displayed as part of a sale; the FAQs and any
Special Conditions of Sale which apply to any lot or group of lots offered for sale at the same time.
seller: the owner of a lotfor whom Christie’s acts as agent.
smart contract: the computer code that governs the execution of the NFT
Special Conditions of Sale: any additional conditions which apply to a sale and which are set out
in the Sale Particulars.
warranty: a statement or representation in which the person making it guarantees that the facts set
out in it are correct.
