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A RED SANDSTONE HEAD OF A LOKAPALA, SONG TO MING DYNASTY
奥地利 北京时间
2022年09月29日 开拍
拍品描述 翻译
A RED SANDSTONE HEAD OF A LOKAPALA, SONG TO MING DYNASTY
Opinion: The similarities between the present sandstone head and the so-called 'character heads' by F. X. Messerschmidt, one of the world's most important sculptors of the Baroque period, are astounding. The wild expression and deeply carved features speak for themselves. Messerschmidt began working on his character heads in 1770-1772, long after the missions of the Jesuits in China jumpstarted the transmission of knowledge and culture between China and the West. It becomes abundantly clear from comparing his exceptional sculptures with the present lot how much he was influenced by the animated and naturalistic Buddhist works of the preceding centuries.

China, 12th-16th century. Expressively and powerfully worked, the lokapala's mouth is wide open showing teeth and tongue, the face further detailed with large bulging eyes below neatly incised thick and furrowed brows, the wrinkles in his face deeply incised. The present lot is a fine example of realism with exceptional carving. The facial features are emphasized by the definition of the muscles, especially the frown lines between the eyebrows and the nose bridge.

Provenance: From a private estate in Maryland, USA. Acquired at a local school auction in Maryland by the last owner, a private collector from Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Condition: Excellent condition, commensurate with age. Extensive wear, losses, nicks, scratches, signs of weathering and erosion, encrustations, few structural cracks.

Dimensions: Height 38.5 cm (excl. stand) and 48 cm (incl. stand)

Mounted on an associated metal stand. (2)

Animated sculptures such as the present lot are extremely rare, most examples being straightforward and somewhat idealized renditions. This head most probably originates from Sichuan Province, which has a long tradition of depicting lively, caricature-like effigies of humans, as is evident in some of its pottery figures of entertainers, such as a figure of the grimacing drummer in the Sichuan Provincial Museum, see R. Bagley, Ancient Sichuan: Treasures from a Lost Civilization, Seattle, 2001, p. 298, no. 111.

A more naturalistic trend in sculpture was initiated by Song dynasty artists, who also often depicted human figures with animated, expressive faces. This trend continued into the subsequent Yuan and Ming dynasties. The expressive power of this style of sculpture also strongly influenced Japanese works of the Kamakura period (1185-1332). Two sandstone sculptures of arhats, one with a tiger, the other with a dragon, were discovered in 1980 at the Boshan Temple site in Fu county, Shaanxi Province, see H. Rogers, China 5000 Years: Innovation and Transformation in the Arts, New York, 1998, no. 177.

Expert's note: The present lot is a profile head, its slightly skewed position and proportions betraying the fact it was once carved as part of a much larger frieze, to be viewed predominantly from one side.

Auction result comparison:
Type: Closely related
Auction: Bonhams London, 7 November 2019, lot 51
Price: GBP 68,812 or approx. EUR 90,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing
Description: A rare carved wood head of a lokapala, Song dynasty
Expert remark: Compare the closely related expression and deeply carved features. Also note the closely related size (39 cm).


宋至明紅砂岩護法天王頭像

中國,十二至十六世紀。天王嘴巴大張,露出牙齒,濃眉大眼,似乎正在大笑。寫實主義雕刻,細節生動。

專家注釋:本拍品是一個側面頭像,其略微傾斜的位置和比例表明它曾是一個簷壁造像的一部分。 此砂岩頭像與巴洛克時期最重要的雕塑家之一 F. X. Messerschmidt 的“人物頭像”之間的相似之處令人震驚。天王的表情表現深刻。Messerschmidt在 1770 年至 1772 年開始研究他的人物頭像,遠在傳教士在中國的傳教西方之間知識和文化之後。將他非凡的雕塑與現在的拍品進行比較,可以清楚地看出他在多大程度上受到了幾個世紀前的自然主義造像作品的影響。(十分多餘,建議去掉)

來源:美國芝加哥私人收藏於馬里蘭州私人收藏購得。
品相:狀況極佳,與年齡相符。大面積磨損、缺損、刻痕、劃痕、風化和侵蝕,有結殼和少量結構裂縫。

尺寸:高38.5 厘米 (不含底座) and 48 厘米 (含底座)

金屬底座。

像本拍品這樣的石雕造像非常罕見,很可能來自四川,四川的造像傳統悠久,例如四川省博物館的鬼臉鼓手像,見 R. Bagley,《Ancient Sichuan: Treasures from a Lost Civilization(古代四川:失落文明的寶藏)》,西雅圖,2001 年,第298頁,插圖111。

宋代的造像生動傳神,其造型和神情被塑造到了極致,這種趨勢一直延續到元明兩朝,並強烈影響了鎌倉時代(1185-1332)的日本造像。1980 年在陝西省富縣柏山寺發現兩尊砂岩羅漢與其神獸一虎一龍,參見 H. Rogers,《China 5000 Years: Innovation and Transformation in the Arts》,紐約,1998 年,插圖177。

拍賣結果比較:
形制:非常相近
拍賣:倫敦邦瀚斯,2019年11月7日,lot 51
價格:GBP 68,812(相當於今日EUR 90,000
描述:宋代木雕天王頭像
專家評論:比較非常相近的表情,和深雕的特色。請注意尺寸非常相近 (39 厘米)。

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