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A RARE AND MASSIVE CEREMONIAL SLIT DRUM, GARAMUT, SEPIK RIVER REGION
奥地利 北京时间
2022年09月29日 开拍
拍品描述 翻译
A RARE AND MASSIVE CEREMONIAL SLIT DRUM, GARAMUT, SEPIK RIVER REGION
Opinion: This ceremonial drum was removed from its original place, where it once was of paramount importance, by one of the most respected scholars of Melanesian art, Peter Hallinan. During his many field studies in Papua New Guinea, Hallinan would live among the villagers whose culture and history he often studied for many months. Three extremely rare historical photographs, taken by Peter Hallinan, copies of which accompany this lot, show the support that he received from the local villagers when he acquired the present slit drum.

Papua New Guinea, Kadovar, 19th to early 20th century. The long, cylindrical drum well carved to the sides in low relief with geometric motifs and traditional designs, and to either end in high relief with a figure known as Kandimbang, a protective spirit. The wood of an attractive grain and color.

Provenance: From the collection of Peter Hallinan, collected in the field and brought to Australia in the 1970s. The collection of Tony Bingham, acquired from the above. A copy of an illustration of the drum by Peter Hallinan with notes on the decoration, as well as copies of three photographs taken by Peter Hallinan of the garamut being removed from Kadovar, accompany this lot. Peter Hallinan (1938-2015) was an important American scholar of tribal art, who first came to Australia in the early 1960s to further his knowledge of Oceanic cultures. During the next 25 years, Hallinan made 26 field expeditions to Papua New Guinea, collecting and documenting Melanesian art. In the 1990s, Sotheby's conducted several sales of the vast Peter Hallinan Collection, which were among the largest tribal art sales at the time. Tony Bingham is a retired dealer of antique musical instruments. He and his wife Irene opened several stores in London beginning in the 1960s, where they were selling antique instruments to museums, private collectors, and musicians, for more than 40 years. Bingham also published several books on the history of musical instruments, including The New Langwill Index, A Dictionary of Musical Wind-Instrument Makers and Inventors.
Condition: Very good condition with old wear, natural age cracks, some humidity-related warping to the wood, signs of weathering and erosion, small losses, nicks, scratches, remnants of pigment.

Weight: ca. 65 kg
Dimensions: Length 215 cm

Carved from a felled tree the slit drum or garamut is the most important instrument in the Sepik River region. It is engraved and painted in different stages and kept in the men's ritual house for ceremonies such as male initiations.

The people of the Sepik area understand the drum's sound as its 'voice.' This voice can carry long distances to announce meetings, call individuals, issue warnings, and even contact neighboring villages. Communication occurs through a complex series of rhythms and tones beat out with a wooden stick by an initiated man. More than just an instrument, this drum is central to the lives of the entire community.

Kadovar is a volcanic island in Papua, northeast of the much larger island of New Guinea. The first recorded sighting by Europeans of Kadovar was by the Spanish navigator Ynigo Ortiz de Retez on 21 July 1545 when on board the carrack San Juan trying to return from Tidore to New Spain. In 1700 smoke was reported, possibly from an eruption. There were further indications of possible imminent eruptions in 1976 and 1981. The island's inhabitants were evacuated to the nearby island of Blup Blup in 1976. It was probably around the 1976 evacuation that Peter Hallinan had the present drum removed.

According to Peter Hallinan's notes, the decoration towards the ends of the drum is known as 'kajak' and is a design seen on combs, while the next pattern represents a man's body flanked by clouds or wings, followed by spirit faces, probably 'nibek', and a central morning star motif.

Literature comparison:
Compare a closely related garamut, dated 20th century, in the collection of the Minneapolis Institute of Art, accession number 93.12. Compare a related garamut, dated late 18th to 19th century, in the collection of the Bowers Museum in Santa Ana, California, USA, accession number 2004.64.1.

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