AN ARCHAIC BRONZE RITUAL FOOD VESSEL AND COVER, DOU
Eastern Zhou DynastyThe bowl raised on a high stem, the body cast with stylised dragons beneath two bands of densely arranged S-scrolls, the sides set with a pair of loop handles, the same design repeated on the cover surrounding the everted finial decorated with interlacing designs, the pale green patina with scattered malachite encrustations. 20cm (8in) high.
注脚
東周 青銅蟠虺紋豆Provenance: an important European private collection來源:歐洲重要私人收藏Crisply cast in low relief with interlacing designs of repeated minuscule units, each composed of a diagonal braid with C-designs in its upper left and right corners, the present vessel is a fine example of grain receptacles used in ritual performances to worship the ancestors during the Eastern Zhou Period (771-256 BC).The origin of the dou can be traced back to the shallow pottery tazza of the Longshan culture during the late Neolithic Period. The form continued to be in common use throughout the Shang and Zhou dynasties. It was in the Western Zhou period that attempts were made to embellish the simple pottery form by fashioning it from lacquer over a wood core, or casting it in bronze.Bronze versions of the dou vessel, such as the present example, the standard shape being shallow bowls with straight vertical sides rising from tall pedestal feet, are likely to have developed during the Western Zhou period (1047-772 BC). Archaeological excavations suggest that the further refinement of the domed lid and the lug handles were added to the vessel at the beginning of the Eastern Zhou period. During the Eastern Zhou dynasty, dou vessels gradually replaced their gui counterpart to become the most essential grain containers in a ritual vessel set; see J.So, Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes in the Arthur M. Sackler Collections, London, 1996, pp.179-180.Compare the shape and fine decoration and its arrangement on the present vessel with a related bronze dou, late Spring and Autumn period, 6th century BC, illustrated by J.So, Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes in the Arthur M. Sackler Collections, London, 1996, no.24.A similar bronze ritual food vessel and cover, dou, 6th century BC, was sold at Christie's New York, 19 September 2013, lot 1108.豆為食器,新石器時代晚期的龍山文化即有黑陶陶豆出土,商周時期,青銅豆得以大量使用。青銅豆延續了陶豆類高足盤的形制,約於西周時期逐漸演化出上為淺碗形盤、中呈柱形柄、柄下圈足的標準器型;東周時期更常見穹頂形蓋及環耳。東周以後,豆逐漸取代簋的地位,成為祭祀儀式中盛放黍稷等穀物的重要禮器。見蘇芳淑著,《Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes in the Arthur M. Sackler Collections》,倫敦,1996年,頁179-180。本例主體飾蟠虺紋,細緻繁密,交錯往復,應為模印壓製而成,是東周青銅紋飾的典型風格。形制及紋飾相關的他例可參考一件春秋晚期,公元前六世紀青銅豆,見蘇芳淑著,《Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes in the Arthur M. Sackler Collections》,倫敦,1996年,編號24。另可比較一例相似的春秋晚期,公元前六世紀青銅豆,售於紐約佳士得,2013年9月19日,拍品編號1108。
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